永定河（北京段）生态补水后浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202512.006

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 4041-4051.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202512.006

永定河（北京段）生态补水后浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系

张天娇^1,2，杜立伟³，李添雨²，李文忠^2*，张耀方²，叶芝菡²，史常青¹，于艺培⁴

（¹北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083； ²北京市水科学技术研究院，流域水环境与生态技术北京市重点实验室，北京 100048； ³北京市永定河管理处，北京 100165； ⁴北京市密云水库管理处，北京 101500）

出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-12-08

Phytoplankton community characteristics and their associations with environmental factors following ecological water replenishment in the Yongding River (Beijing section).

ZHANG Tianjiao^1,2, DU Liwei³, LI Tianyu², LI Wenzhong^2*, ZHANG Yaofang², YE Zhihan², SHI Changqing¹, YU Yipei⁴

(¹College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; ²Beijing Key Laboratory of Watershed Water Environment and Ecological Technology, Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100048, China; ³Beijing Yongding River Management Office, Beijing 100165, China; ⁴Beijing Miyun Reservoir Management Office, Beijing 101500, China).

Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究围绕生态补水对永定河（北京段）浮游植物群落的影响，分析了不同补水时期浮游植物群落的动态变化及其与环境因子的关系。2023年，在生态补水前期（6月、8月）和后期（9月、10月），在永定河山峡段和平原段共设置8个样点，采集并分析了浮游植物样品和水样品。结果表明：生态补水显著改变了水体理化特征和浮游植物群落结构；补水后期水深与叶绿素a浓度较高，而补水前期的水温、pH和总有机碳浓度较高；山峡段的pH和总氮浓度高于平原段，而平原段的水温和化学需氧量相对较高；本研究共鉴定浮游植物144种，主要分布于绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门中；9月物种数量最多，而6月最少；浮游植物的密度和生物量分别在9月和8月达到最大值；生态补水显著影响浮游植物群落的多样性指数，8月的生物多样性指数最高，10月的均匀度指数最高。典范对应分析显示，水温、总有机碳、总氮和叶绿素a浓度是影响浮游植物群落分布的关键因素。研究结果揭示了生态补水对浮游植物群落结构的动态影响，为永定河生态修复与管理提供了重要的科学依据。

关键词: 永定河, 生态补水, 浮游植物, 群落结构, 环境因子

Abstract: To clarify the impact of ecological water replenishment on phytoplankton community of the Yongding River (Beijing section), we analyzed the phytoplankton community dynamics during different water supplementation periods and their relationship with environmental factors. In 2023, a survey of phytoplankton communities and water environment was conducted in the mountain gorge and plain sections of the Yongding River during the pre-supplementation (June, August) and post-supplementation (September, October) periods. Phytoplankton samples and water samples were collected from eight sites. The results showed that ecological water replenishment significantly altered water physicochemical characteristics and the structure of phytoplankton community. During the post-supplementation period, water depth and chlorophyll a concentration were higher, while water temperature, pH, and total organic carbon concentration were higher during the pre-supplementation period. The mountain gorge section had higher pH and total nitrogen concentration than the plain section, while the plain section had relatively higher water temperature and chemical oxygen demand. A total of 144 phytoplankton species were recorded, mainly belonging to the Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, and Cyanophyta phyla. The highest species number occurred in September, while the lowest was in June. The phytoplankton density and biomass reached their maximum in September and August, respectively. Ecological water replenishment significantly affected phytoplankton diversity, with the highest biodiversity index in August and the highest evenness index in October. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that water temperature, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll a concentration were key factors influencing the distribution of phytoplankton community. This study reveals the impacts of ecological water replenishment on phytoplankton community structure and provides important scientific evidence for the ecological restoration and management of the Yongding River.

Key words: Yongding River, ecological water replenishment, phytoplankton, community structure, environmental factor

张天娇, 杜立伟, 李添雨, 李文忠, 张耀方, 叶芝菡, 史常青, 于艺培. 永定河（北京段）生态补水后浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(12): 4041-4051.

ZHANG Tianjiao, DU Liwei, LI Tianyu, LI Wenzhong, ZHANG Yaofang, YE Zhihan, SHI Changqing, YU Yipei. Phytoplankton community characteristics and their associations with environmental factors following ecological water replenishment in the Yongding River (Beijing section).[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(12): 4041-4051.

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永定河（北京段）生态补水后浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系

Phytoplankton community characteristics and their associations with environmental factors following ecological water replenishment in the Yongding River (Beijing section).

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