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水淹胁迫下饲料桑苗(Morus alba)叶片形态及部分酶活性的变化

崔雪1,2,饶良懿1,2*,周其令1,2   

  1. (1北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083;2林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100083)
  • 出版日期:2018-12-10 发布日期:2018-12-10

The changes of leaf morphology and some enzyme activities of forage mulberry seedlings under flooding stress.

CUI Xue1,2, RAO Liang-yi1,2*, ZHOU Qi-ling1,2   

  1. (1College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; 2Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing100083, China).
  • Online:2018-12-10 Published:2018-12-10

摘要: 桑树因具有较强的耐水淹特性,近年来成为库区消落带植被恢复的备选树种。为探讨饲料桑适应水淹胁迫的机理,以2年生盆栽饲料桑苗为对象,采取室内模拟水淹的方法,研究不同水淹时间和深度下桑苗叶片形态以及叶片内无氧呼吸酶(PDC、ADH、LDH)、抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性的变化。结果显示:(1)根淹组桑苗在水淹期间叶片受害程度较轻,深淹组桑苗叶片在水淹15 d即出现萎蔫和黄化,至水淹结束后叶片基本全部腐烂、脱落。但深淹组桑苗在水淹75 d后仍能萌发新芽,且浅淹组部分植株恢复生长状况良好。(2)相同水淹时间下,桑苗叶片内无氧呼吸酶和抗氧化酶活性随水淹深度的增加均呈现显著的上升趋势(P<0.05)。(3)桑苗叶片SOD酶活性在水淹60 d显著上升,对照组和根淹组在水淹90 d分别降低了3.49%和9.22%,而POD和CAT酶活性在水淹90 d达到最大值,3组处理下2种酶活性分别比水淹30 d增加了8.03%、15.70%、10.23%和12.05%、6.45%、9.15%,差异显著(P<0.05)。提高叶片无氧呼吸酶活性、增强3种抗氧化酶相互协调作用是桑苗水淹胁迫下的响应机制。综上,饲料桑苗具有良好的适应水淹胁迫能力,可作为三峡库区消落带植被恢复的备选树种。

关键词: 锌转运, 小麦, 氮锌配施, 锌累积, 锌分配

Abstract: Mulberry is one of the suitable species for vegetation restoration in the hydro-fluctuation belt due to its strong resistance of water-logging. To clarify the mechanism of forage mulberry to adapt to submergence in the water-level-fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, a flooding simulating pot experiment was conducted to examine the changes of leaf morphology,activities of anaerobic respiration enzymes (PDC, ADH, LDH) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) in leaves of 2-year-old forage mulberry seedlings under different flooding time and depths. The results showed that the leaf damage degree in the root submergence group was not serious during flooding. While the leaves of deep submergence group appeared wilting and yellowing on the 15th day, the leaves were almost rotten and fall off after flooding. In the deep submergence group, new shoots could still sprout on the 75th day. The recovery growth of some plants in the root submergence group was fine. Under the same flooding time, the activities ofanaerobic respiration enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in leaves showed a significant rising trend with increasing flooding depth (P<0.05). The activity of SOD significantly increased on the 60th day of flooding, and decreased by 3.49% and 9.22% respectively in the control group and root submergence group on the 90th day, while the activity of POD and CAT reached the maximum level on the 90th day of flooding. Compared with the 30th day of flooding, the activities of both enzymes under three treatments on the 90th day of flooding significantly increased by 8.03%, 15.70%,10.23% and 12.05%, 6.45%, 9.15%, respectively (P<0.05). Our results indicate that mulberry seedlings responded to flooding stress through increasing the activities of anaerobic enzymes and antioxidant enzymes and coordinating the three antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, forage mulberry seedlings have good adaptability to flooding stress and can be used for vegetation restoration in the water-level-fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum), combined application of N and Zn, Zn accumulation, Zn translocation, Zn partitioning