免耕及秸秆覆盖对春小麦-土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202104.028

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 1062-1072.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202104.028

免耕及秸秆覆盖对春小麦-土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

彭亚敏¹,武均^1,2,蔡立群^1,2,3*,齐鹏^1,2,3,张仁陟^1,2,3,罗珠珠^1,2,3

（¹甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院，兰州 730070； ²甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室，兰州 730070； ³甘肃省节水农业工程技术研究中心，兰州 730070）

出版日期:2021-04-10 发布日期:2021-04-13

Effects of no-tillage and straw mulching on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in spring wheat and soil.

PENG Ya-min¹, WU Jun^1,2, CAI Li-qun^1,2,3*, QI Peng^1,2,3, ZHANG Ren-zhi^1,2,3, LUO Zhu-zhu1^,2,3

(¹College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; ²Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; ³Gansu Engineering Research Center for Agriculture Water Saving, Lanzhou 730070, China).

Online:2021-04-10 Published:2021-04-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究免耕及秸秆覆盖模式对春小麦土壤C、N、P生态化学计量特征的影响，为陇中黄土高原旱作农业区制定合理的农田管理措施提供参考依据。于2019年基于设置在安定区李家堡镇麻子川村的长期保护性耕作（传统耕作T、免耕+不覆盖NT、传统耕作+秸秆覆盖TS、免耕+秸秆覆盖NTS）定位实验，测定春小麦不同器官（籽粒、叶片、秸秆）和土壤的C、N、P元素含量。结果表明：相较于传统耕作处理（T），保护性耕作处理（NT、TS、NTS）显著提高了土壤C∶N、C∶P（P<0.01），土壤N∶P未显著提高（P>0.05），不同处理C∶N、C∶P变化顺序均为NTS>TS>NT>T；春小麦不同器官C∶N的顺序为秸秆>叶片>籽粒，C∶P的顺序为籽粒>叶片>秸秆；较T处理，保护性耕作处理显著降低了叶片C∶N、秸秆C∶N、秸秆C∶P；不同处理各器官N∶P的变化不显著（P>0.05）；该区春小麦的生长受N限制。春小麦与土壤的C、N、P元素内稳性整体表现为P>N>C，比值内稳性表现为C∶N>C∶P>N∶P，比值内稳性强于各元素内稳性。综合而言，NTS处理为最适合陇中黄土高原旱农区春小麦生长发育的耕作措施，研究区春小麦的生长容易受到N限制，应在NTS处理基础上适当增施氮肥，确保春小麦稳产增产。

关键词: 耕作措施, 春小麦, 土壤, 生态化学计量学, 内稳性

Abstract: To provide reference for formulating reasonable management measures in the dry farming area of Longzhong Loess Plateau, we explored the effects of no-tillage and straw mulching modes on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorous (P) ecological stoichiometry in spring wheat and soil. Based on the long-term conservation tillage \[conventional tillage (T), notillage with no straw mulching (NT), conventional tillage with straw incorporation (TS), no-tillage with straw mulching (NTS)\] positioning experiment set in Mazichuan Village, Lijiabao Town, Anding District, we measured C, N, and P concentrations in different spring wheat organs (i.e., grain, leaf, straw) and soil in 2019. The results showed that compared with conventional tillage (T), conservation tillage treatments (NT, TS, and NTS) significantly increased soil C∶N and C∶P (P<0.01), but did not affect N∶P (P>0.05). The magnitude of C∶N and C∶P changes among different treatments was in the order of NTS>TS>NT>T. The order of C∶N for different organs of spring wheat was straw>leaf>grain, and the order of C∶P was grain>leaf>straw. Compared with T treatment, conservation tillage treatments significantly reduced leaf C∶N, straw C∶N and C∶P, whereas N∶P in each organ showed no variation among different treatments (P>0.05). The growth of spring wheat in this area was limited by N availability. The overall internal stability of C, N and P of spring wheat and the soil was P>N>C, the ratio internal stability was C∶N>C∶P>N∶P, and the internal stability of element ratio was stronger than that of each element. In short, NTS treatment is the most suitable farming measure for spring wheat growth and development in the dry farming area of the Longzhong Loess Plateau. The growth of spring wheat in this area is susceptible to N limitation. Nitrogen fertilizer application should be appropriately increased based on NTS treatment to ensure the growth of spring wheat.

Key words: tillage measure, spring wheat, soil, ecological stoichiometry, homeostasis.

彭亚敏, 武均, 蔡立群, 齐鹏, 张仁陟, 罗珠珠. 免耕及秸秆覆盖对春小麦-土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(4): 1062-1072.

PENG Ya-min, WU Jun, CAI Li-qun, QI Peng, ZHANG Ren-zhi, LUO Zhu-zhu. Effects of no-tillage and straw mulching on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in spring wheat and soil.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(4): 1062-1072.

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免耕及秸秆覆盖对春小麦-土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

Effects of no-tillage and straw mulching on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in spring wheat and soil.

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