关键词: 测墒补灌, 小麦, 水氮利用, 硝态氮含量, 籽粒产量

Abstract: Taking the wild eggplant (Solanum torvum) as rootstock and the cultivated eggplant (S. melongena) cultivar ‘Xi’anlüqie’ as scion, this paper studied the fruits’ pesticide residue, growth indices, and antioxidant enzyme activities of grafted and self-rooted eggplants under the stress of different frequencies carbendazim application. After applying carbendazim for once, twice, and three times, the fruits’ pesticide residue of grafted eggplants decreased by 12.7%-49.6%, 11.4%-63.1%, and 13.5%-44.1%, respectively, as compared with that of self-rooted eggplants. The plant height, stem diameter, and plant and fruit fresh weights of grafted eggplants were obviously higher than those of self-rooted eggplants, and the root activity of grafted eggplants after applying carbendazim for once, twice, and three times increased by 6.8%-29.3%, 8.7%-24.5%, and 11.1%-28.6%, respectively. The leaf catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities of grafted eggplants were higher than those of self-rooted plants, and the leaf relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of grafted eggplants after applying carbendazim for once, twice, and three times decreased by 16.3%-27.3%, 19.7%-31.9% and 20.5%-36.1%, and 21.4%-31.6%, 24.6%-37.9% and 23.7%-39.0%, respectively, as compared with those of self-rooted eggplants. These results showed that there was an obvious change in the test indicators after applying carbendazim for twice and three times, as compared with that after applying carbendazim for once. Under the stress of carbendazim, grafted eggplants had little fruits’ pesticide residue, apparently enhanced plant growth, and significantly improved metabolic activities of related enzymes, and thereby, mitigated the harmful effect of carbendazim stress on eggplant.

Key words: supplemental irrigation by monitoring soil moisture, wheat, water and nitrogen utilization, soil NO₃^--N content, grain yield.