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生态学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 244-253.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202401.026

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010—2021年中国森林生态系统服务功能价值评估研究进展

杨海江1,2,勾晓华1,2*,唐呈瑞3,薛冰3   

  1. 1兰州大学资源环境学院, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000; 2兰州大学甘肃连城森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 兰州 730333; 3中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室, 沈阳 110016)

  • 出版日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-01-11

Research progress on the valuation of forest ecosystem services in China during 2010 to 2021.

YANG Haijiang1,2, GOU Xiaohua1,2*, TANG Chengrui3, XUE Bing3   

  1. (1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2Gansu Liancheng Forest Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730333, China; 3Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China).

  • Online:2024-01-10 Published:2024-01-11

摘要: 科学评估森林生态系统服务功能价值有利于实现森林资源资产化、优化森林资源保护和管理模式。通过对2010—2021年相关文献进行梳理,总结了中国森林生态系统服务功能价值评估研究进展。中国森林生态系统不同服务功能的价值量存在显著差异,从大到小依次为涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、生物多样性保护、净化空气、森林游憩、林木产品供给、森林防护和林木养分固持。山地森林生态系统和城市森林生态系统的服务功能具有异质性,山地森林的主要贡献为涵养水源(36.94%)、保育土壤(18.68%)、生物多样性保护(17.67%)和固碳释氧(12.44%),而城市森林的主要贡献为固碳释氧(29.37%)、涵养水源(22.49%)、净化空气(16.93%)和保育土壤(11.68%)。不同类型森林的生态系统服务功能价值从大到小依次为常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林和针叶林。2010—2021年,中国森林生态系统服务价值评估的方法体系和评估指标在不断充实和完善,但仍然存在很多不足,尤其是在指标体系一致性构建方面。未来,需进一步优化计量方法和技术手段,提高数据获取能力,提升生态系统服务功能评估的完整性和科学性,从而为森林生态系统可持续经营与生态环境建设提供科学依据,为生态系统服务价值的实现路径研究奠定基础。


关键词: 森林生态系统, 生态系统服务, 价值评估, 指标体系, 生态系统管理

Abstract: Evaluating the service functions of forest ecosystems is conducive to realizing the capitalization of forest resources and optimizing the protection and management of forest resources. In this study, we reviewed the research progress on the evaluation of the service function value of forest ecosystems in China during 2010 to 2021. There were significant differences in the value of various service functions of forest ecosystems in China. Among them, the largest was water conservation, followed by soil conservation, carbon sequestration and oxygen release, biodiversity conservation, air purification, forest recreation, forest product supply, forest protection, and nutrient retention. The service functions of mountain and urban forest ecosystems were highly heterogeneous. The main contributions of mountain forests were water conservation (36.94%), soil conservation (18.68%), biodiversity conservation (17.67%), and carbon sequestration and oxygen release (12.44%), while the main contributions of urban forests were carbon sequestration and oxygen release (29.37%), water conservation (22.49%), air purification (16.93%), and soil conservation (11.68%). Broadleaved evergreen forests had the highest values of ecosystem services, followed by deciduous broadleaved forests, mixed coniferous forests, and coniferous forests. In the past decade, although the evaluation method of forest ecosystem service value had been greatly enriched, there was still much room for improvement, especially in establishing indicator system. To provide a scientific foundation for the sustainable development of ecosystems and ecological environment construction, we must further optimize measurement methods and technical means, improve data acquisition capability, and strengthen the integrity and scientific nature of ecosystem service function assessment, which lays a foundation for the research on the realization path of ecosystem service value.


Key words: forest ecosystem, ecosystem services, value assessment, index system, ecosystem management