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生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 2261-2267.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202607.012

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤含水量对香蒲生长及生理特性的影响

刘旸1,2,汤思文1,林圣清1,李若勋1,黄佳1,罗姗姗1,曹昀1,2,3*   

  1. （1江西师范大学地理与环境学院， 南昌 330022； 2联合国教科文组织国际自然与文化遗产空间技术中心南昌分中心， 南昌 330022； 3江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室， 南昌 330022）
  • 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-15

Effects of soil water content on growth and physiological traits of Typha orientalis. 

LIU Yang1,2, TANG Siwen1, LIN Shengqing1, LI Ruoxun1, HUANG Jia1, LUO Shanshan1, CAO Yun1,2,3*   

  1. (1College of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; 2Nanchang Base of International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, Nanchang 330022, China; 3Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China).

  • Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-15

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摘要： 土壤含水量对湿地植物的生长发育过程及其生理特征具有重要影响。为探究不同土壤含水量下香蒲（Typha orientalis）的生长和生理状况，设置7组土壤含水量：9%、14%、19%、22%、33%、36%、38%，对香蒲的生长和生理指标进行测定分析。结果表明：（1）香蒲生长对土壤含水量变化敏感，从生长与生理指标综合来看，土壤含水量22%～36%为香蒲的适宜范围，其中土壤含水量为36%时株高与基径达最大值，分别为184.20 cm和12.74 mm；香蒲对9%、14%土壤含水量的耐受时间分别为36、114天，表明其具有较强的短期耐旱能力。（2）香蒲总生物量随着土壤含水量的增大先增大后减小，土壤含水量为36%的试验组在试验第90天达到最大值8.95 g·株-1。（3）香蒲叶绿素a含量在土壤含水量为33%处理下于试验第30天达最大值1.76 mg·g-1，叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量在土壤含水量为22%和38%的处理下于试验第60天时达最大值，分别为0.62和0.27 mg·g-1。（4）试验120天时，过氧化物酶（POD）活性于土壤含水量为38%的试验组达到最大值，为36.61 U·g-1·min-1；而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性则分别在土壤含水量为36%和33%时达到最大值，为188.32 U·g-1和46.01 U·g-1·min-1。综上，土壤含水量为22%～36%时最适宜香蒲的生长，研究结果有助于在湿地生态修复过程中合理调控土壤含水量，促进湿地植物香蒲的健康生长，从而维持湿地生态系统的健康。


关键词: 土壤含水量, 生长特征, 生理特性, 湿地生态

Abstract: Soil water content could influence the growth and physiological traits of wetland plants. To investigate the growth and physiological conditions of Typha orientalis in response to the variations of soil moisture, we established seven treatments with soil water contents of 9%, 14%, 19%, 22%, 33%, 36% and 38%. The growth and physiological indicators of T. orientalis were measured. The results showed that: (1) The growth of T. orientalis was sensitive to changes in soil water content. Based on a comprehensive analysis of growth and physiological indicators, the suitable soil water content for T. orientalis ranged from 22% to 36%. The maximum plant height and basal diameter were observed at 36% soil water content, reaching 184.20 cm and 12.74 mm, respectively. Moreover, T. orientalis tolerated soil water contents of 9% for 36 days and 14% for 114 days, indicating a strong short-term drought tolerance. (2) Total biomass of T. orientalis initially increased and then decreased with increasing soil water content, reaching a maximum of 8.95 g·plant-1 on day 90 in the treatment of 36% soil water content. (3) Chlorophyll a content in T. orientalis reached its maximum value of 1.76 mg·g-1 on day 30 under 33% soil water content, whereas chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents reached their maximum values of 0.62 and 0.27 mg·g-1, respectively, on day 60 under 22% and 38% soil water content. (4) On day 120, peroxidase (POD) activity reached a maximum of 36.61 U·g-1·min-1 in the 38% soil water content treatment, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities peaked under 36% and 33% soil water content, with values of 188.32 U·g-1 and 46.01 U·g-1·min-1, respectively. In conclusion, the soil water content of 22% to 36% is most suitable for the growth of T. orientalis. These findings are helpful for reasonably regulating soil water content during wetland ecological restoration, promoting the healthy growth of T. orientalis, and thereby maintaining the health of wetland ecosystems.


Key words: soil water content, growth characteristics, physiological characteristics, wetland ecology

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