草地利用方式对苦豆子型退化草地土壤线虫群落特征的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202604.017

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1236-1244.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202604.017

草地利用方式对苦豆子型退化草地土壤线虫群落特征的影响

陈丽君^1,2,崔东^1,3*,刘淑琪^1,3,4,江智诚^1,3,吴昀昊^1,3,刘璐瑶^1,2,刘泽征^1,3

（¹伊犁师范大学资源与生态研究所，新疆伊宁 835000； ²伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院，新疆伊宁 835000； ³伊犁师范大学资源与环境学院，新疆伊宁 835000； ⁴沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院，沈阳 110866）

出版日期:2026-04-10 发布日期:2026-04-10

Effects of grassland utilization strategies on soil nematode community characteristics in degraded Sophora alopecuroides dominated grasslands.

CHEN Lijun^1,2, CUI Dong^1,3*, LIU Shuqi^1,3,4, JIANG Zhicheng^1,3, WU Yunhao^1,3, LIU Luyao^1,2, LIU Zezheng^1,3

(¹Institute of Resources and Ecology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China; ²College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China; ³College of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China; ⁴College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China).

Online:2026-04-10 Published:2026-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究不同草地利用方式对苦豆子型退化草地土壤线虫群落结构的影响，本研究分析了不同草地利用方式下土壤线虫的群落结构特征、生态功能指数、群落组成及其与土壤理化性质的关系，旨在为苦豆子型退化草地生态恢复提供科学依据。结果表明：土壤线虫多度在各处理间差异显著（P<0.05），其密度排序为：围封刈割>放牧刈割>围栏封育>自由放牧。不同草地利用方式下植物寄生线虫均为主要营养类群，针属（Paratylenchus）在各个处理中均为优势属且线虫整体生活史偏向r-对策者。相较于放牧样地，围封显著提升了线虫多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度指数；瓦斯乐斯卡指数均小于1，线虫通路比值高于0.5，表明土壤线虫群落以食细菌线虫为主。围封条件下线虫总代谢足迹显著高于放牧，线虫代谢过程较快；区系分析结果显示土壤养分富集程度较低，食物网不稳定。土壤有机质、全氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量对线虫群落组成有显著影响。土壤线虫群落结构在不同草地利用方式间差异显著。围封刈割线虫多度优于围栏封育，放牧刈割线虫多度优于自由放牧，且线虫复合代谢活性增强。与放牧条件相比，围封条件下草地退化程度较轻。

关键词: 土壤线虫, 群落结构, 草地利用方式, 退化草地, 苦豆子

Abstract: We investigated the effects of different grassland utilization strategies on soil nematode community structure of degraded Sophora alopecuroides dominated grasslands, by analyzing the community structure characteristics, ecological function indices, community composition, and their relationships with soil physical and chemical properties of soil nematodes. The study aimed to provide a scientific foundation for the ecological restoration of degraded Sophora alopecuroides dominated grassland. The results showed that the abundance of soil nematodes differed significantly among treatments (P<0.05). The rank of different grassland utilization strategies with respect to soil nematode density was as follows: fencing and mowing > grazing and mowing > exclusion fencing > free grazing. Plant parasitic nematodes were the dominant trophic group, and Paratylenchus was the dominant genus across all treatments. The whole nematode community exhibited an r-strategy life history. Compared to grazing plots, fencing plots had higher nematode diversity index, richness index, and evenness index. The Wasilewska index was less than 1, and the nematode channel ratio was higher than 0.5, indicating that soil nematode community was dominated by bacterivores. The nematode total metabolic footprint was significantly higher under fencing than under grazing, indicating faster metabolic processes. Faunal analysis results suggested a low level of soil nutrient enrichment and an unstable food web. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium significantly influenced soil nematode community composition. The soil nematode community structure differed significantly among different grassland utilization strategies. The abundance of nematodes under mowing was higher than that under fencing, while the abundance of nematodes under grazing and mowing was higher than that under free grazing. Moreover, the combined metabolic activity of the nematodes was enhanced. Compared to grazing conditions, the degree of grassland degradation was lighter under fencing conditions.

Key words: soil nematodes, community structure, grassland utilization method, degraded grassland, Sophora alopecuroides

陈丽君, 崔东, 刘淑琪, 江智诚, 吴昀昊, 刘璐瑶, 刘泽征. 草地利用方式对苦豆子型退化草地土壤线虫群落特征的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(4): 1236-1244.

CHEN Lijun, CUI Dong, LIU Shuqi, JIANG Zhicheng, WU Yunhao, LIU Luyao, LIU Zezheng. Effects of grassland utilization strategies on soil nematode community characteristics in degraded Sophora alopecuroides dominated grasslands.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(4): 1236-1244.

[1]	夏彩徽, 曾金, 张雪娇. 微塑料和纳米塑料对淡水生物膜微生物群落结构和功能的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(6): 2013-2022.
[2]	庞雪艺, 米俊珍, 刘景辉, 张俊珍, 潘越, 王金金, 王希全, 赵宝平, 罗方. 免耕秸秆覆盖下不同时间施用促腐剂对黑土理化性质及真菌群落的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(5): 1544-1553.
[3]	卢昊宇, 万年新, 原林, 徐洪庆, 葛建华, 孙好芬, 徐爱玲, 宋志文. 引黄济青工程渠首段调水期真核浮游生物群落构建过程及其影响因素 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(5): 1595-1603.
[4]	张伟, 郑运祥, 季镭, 薄顺奇, 谢汉宾, 王军馥, 李必成, 杨刚. 上海地区两栖动物物种组成及种群动态的长期变化 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(4): 1308-1314.
[5]	王逸飞, 陈国鹏, 瓦锦明, 沈建波, 鲜骏仁, 万姣姣, 王之星. 洮河流域云冷杉水源涵养林优势种群的年龄结构与数量动态 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(3): 836-845.
[6]	刘大伟, 焦莉苹, 翟俊峰, 葛建军, 陈井生, 王琪, 王旭. 三亚南繁育种基地不同作物土壤线虫群落组成及多样性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(2): 582-588.
[7]	郑明心, 李玥莹, 王肇钧, 吴东辉, 谢致敬. 干扰对森林土壤动物群落特征的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(2): 606-616.
[8]	张轶, 白凯, 史李萍, 李亮, 白永泉, 殷旭旺, 白海锋. 呼伦湖浮游植物群落结构特征及其驱动因子 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(7): 2123-2131.
[9]	窦乾明, 王乐, 赵章国, 姚艳玲, 王慧博, 宋聃, 黄晓丽, 霍堂斌. 乌伦古湖大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(7): 2132-2141.
[10]	彭增辉, 陈冬素, 石林, 罗庆华, 邱帅, 樊莹, 于湘红. 张家界市澧水流域底栖动物群落结构及生物完整性评价 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1883-1890.
[11]	李雄威, 马亮亮, 周志霖, 刘秦, 杨万金, 吴小丹, 彭晚霞. 不同施肥措施对水蜜桃园土壤线虫群落结构和多样性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1929-1936.
[12]	杨舒玉, 王苏红, 吴艳, 雷凯文, 黎明杰, 蔡永久, 刘凌, 张又. 基于水质和大型底栖无脊椎动物的宝应湖水生态健康综合评价 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(5): 1509-1517.
[13]	满家瑞, 王款, 焦梓轩, 焦鹏宇, 严强, 刘先, 胡亚林, 王玉哲. 马尾松采伐迹地火后土壤细菌群落恢复特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(4): 1125-1134.
[14]	胡如男, 沈晓琳, 王肃, 樊平, 谭炳昌, 张贵龙, 王丽丽. 耕作方式对华北潮土区土壤团聚体线虫群落的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(4): 1245-1252.
[15]	杨昌娆, 莫笑梅, 郑国, 武鹏峰, 李英滨, 崔淑艳. 降水格局变化对土壤线虫氮沉降抵抗力的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(4): 1253-1260.

草地利用方式对苦豆子型退化草地土壤线虫群落特征的影响

Effects of grassland utilization strategies on soil nematode community characteristics in degraded Sophora alopecuroides dominated grasslands.

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价