鄂西南中亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林物种组成、结构和区系特征

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202512.007

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 3998-4007.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202512.007

鄂西南中亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林物种组成、结构和区系特征

向孟^1,2，吴安驰^1,2*，艾训儒^1,2，姚兰^1,2，黄晶晶^1,2，朱江^1,2，郭秋菊^1,2，张科燕^1,2，陈金磊³，陈俊韬⁴

（¹湖北民族大学林学园艺学院，湖北恩施 445000； ²湖北民族大学，生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室，湖北恩施 445000； ³广西科学院生态环境研究所，南宁 530007； ⁴湖北木林子国家级自然保护区管理局，湖北鹤峰 445800）

出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-12-08

Species composition, structure, and floristic characteristics of subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in southwestern Hubei.

XIANG Meng^1,2, WU Anchi^1,2*, AI Xunru^1,2, YAO Lan^1,2, HUANG Jingjing^1,2, ZHU Jiang^1,2, GUO Qiuju^1,2, ZHANG Keyan^1,2, CHEN Jinlei³, CHEN Juntao⁴

(¹College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, Hubei, China; ²Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, Hubei, China; ³Institute of Eco-Environment Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; ⁴Hubei Mulinzi National Nature Reserve, Hefeng 445800, Hubei, China).

Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探索鄂西南山地天然常绿落叶阔叶混交林的群落组成和结构特征，能为亚热带地区的生物多样性保护与森林资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。本研究利用湖北省金子山国有林场6 hm²样地内胸径≥1 cm的木本植物调查数据，分析群落的物种组成、结构和植物区系特征。结果表明：样地内共有木本植物180种39907株，隶属于53科96属，其中，落叶物种116种23454株，常绿物种64种16453株，落叶物种的物种数量和个体数量均高于常绿物种。落叶和常绿物种的重要值分别为73.28和26.72，群落优势种主要以壳斗科的锥栗（Castanea henryi）为主。常绿和落叶树种的径级结构均呈倒“J”型分布，而优势物种均呈“L”型分布。乔木、亚乔木和灌木层均以落叶树种为主，常绿树种为辅。群落区系类型表现为热带和温带成分相互交融的特征，在科水平上，热带分布的科（47.2%）高于温带分布的科（37.7%），属水平上，温带分布的属（59.4%）高于热带分布的属（36.5%）。本研究结果有助于深入了解亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林的物种组成和结构特征，为该类型森林生态系统的保护与管理提供基础信息。

关键词: 常绿落叶阔叶混交林, 物种组成, 径级结构, 区系特征, 物种多度

Abstract: Exploring community composition and structure characteristics of natural evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in the mountainous regions of southwestern Hubei can provide scientific evidence for biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization of forest resources. Based on survey data of woody plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm from a 6 hm² plot in Jinzi Mountain National Forest Farm, Hubei Province, China, we analyzed species composition, structure and floristic characteristics. Results showed that a total of 39907 woody plants were recorded within the plot, belonging to 180 species, 53 families, and 96 genera. There were 116 species of deciduous species with 23454 individuals, and 64 species of evergreen species with 16453 individuals. Both the number of species and individuals of deciduous species were higher than those of evergreen species. The importance values of deciduous and evergreen species were 73.28 and 26.72, respectively. The dominant species was Castanea henryi from the Fagaceae. The DBH classes of both evergreen and deciduous trees exhibited an inverted J-shaped distribution, while the dominant species displayed an L-shaped distribution. The tree, subtree, and shrub layers were primarily dominated by deciduous species, with evergreen species being subordinate. The floristic composition exhibited a mixture of tropical and temperate components. At the family level, tropical families (47.2%) were greater than temperate families (37.7%), whereas at the genus level, temperate genera (59.4%) were more numerous than tropical genera (36.5%). Our results will contribute to a deeper understanding of species composition and structural characteristics of subtropical evergreen and deciduous mixed forests, and provide basic information for forest protection and management.

Key words: evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, species composition, diameter class structure, floristic characteristics, species abundance

向孟, 吴安驰, 艾训儒, 姚兰, 黄晶晶, 朱江, 郭秋菊, 张科燕, 陈金磊, 陈俊韬. 鄂西南中亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林物种组成、结构和区系特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(12): 3998-4007.

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鄂西南中亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林物种组成、结构和区系特征

Species composition, structure, and floristic characteristics of subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in southwestern Hubei.

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