关键词: 北京市, 维管植物, 多样性, 物种组成, 物种分布

Abstract: Understanding the composition and distribution of wild vascular plants in Beijing is the basic work for regional biodiversity protection. Based on the survey data of “Arctic Flower Biological Survey App”, combined with literature, flora and other related data, we statistically analyzed species composition and distribution of vascular plants in Beijing. There were 2714 vascular plant species in Beijing, belonging to 1024 genera and 178 families, including 80 species from 18 genera and 8 families of Lycopodium and Pteridophytes, 52 species from 18 genera and 8 families of gymnosperms, and 2582 species from 976 genera and 153 families of angiosperms. The top four families were Asteraceae (299 species), Poaceae (214 species), Leguminosae (133 species), and Rosaceae (132 species). The top four genera were Carex (45 species), Artemisia (29 species), Allium (24 species), and Cyperus (21 species). The three regions with the largest species number were Haidian (1585 species), Yanqing (1526 species), and Mentougou (1311 species). The three regions with the least species number were Chaoyang (220 species), Tongzhou (209 species), and Shijingshan (181 species). In total, 134 species of national and municipal key protected plants were recorded in Beijing, belonging to 59 families and 103 genera. Among them, national and municipal protected plants were 44 and 102 species, respectively. There were 4 families containing more than 4 species, including Orchidaceae (35 species), 5 Liliaceae (5 species), Pinaceae (5 species), and Rutaceae (5 species). In total, 2 genera involve more than 4 species, which consists of 6 species of Cymbidium and 5 species of Neottia. Three regions had more than 60% of the total species of key protected plants, with 90 species in Mentougou, 86 species in Yanqing, and 80 species in Miyun. In conclusion, vascular plant species were abundant in Beijing area. The dominant families were Compositae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, and Rosaceae, and the dominant genera were Carex, Artemisia, Allium, and Cyperus. The most vascular plant species were found in Haidian, Yanqing, Mentougou, and Miyun, while the most protected plant species were found in Mentougou.

Key words: Beijing, vascular plant, diversity, species composition, species distribution.