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闽江口典型芦苇湿地与短叶茳芏湿地土壤碳氮含量的空间分布特征

王华1,孙志高1*,李家兵2,何涛1,高会1,王杰1,林朋左1,吴欣桐1   

  1. (1福建师范大学地理研究所, 湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350007;2福建师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 福州 350007)
  • 出版日期:2018-04-10 发布日期:2018-04-10

Spatial variations of soil carbon and nitrogen contents inPhragmites australisandCyperus malaccensis marsh in the Minjiang River estuary.

WANG Hua1, SUN Zhi-gao1*, LI Jia-bing2, HE Tao1, GAO Hui1, WANG Jie1, LIN Peng-zuo1, WU Xin-tong1   

  1. (1Institute of Geography, Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Ecogeographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; 2College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China)
    .
  • Online:2018-04-10 Published:2018-04-10

摘要: 以闽江河口鳝鱼滩湿地的芦苇湿地、短叶茳芏湿地以及二者交错带湿地为对象,研究了不同类型湿地土壤碳氮含量的空间分布特征。结果表明:土壤总氮(TN)和有机碳(SOC)含量在水平方向上整体表现为交错带湿地>芦苇湿地>短叶茳芏湿地,而在垂直方向上其在不同类型湿地土壤中的含量均随深度增加而降低;与芦苇湿地和短叶茳芏湿地相比,交错带湿地表层土壤的无机氮含量分别降低了15.78%、0.84%(NH4+-N)和13.04%、44.00%(NO3--N),而在下层土壤分别增加了30.00%、6.06%(NH4+-N)和43.75%、23.91%(NO3--N);芦苇湿地土壤NH4+-N含量主要受到有机质含量控制,短叶茳芏湿地土壤TN含量受到土壤盐分的重要影响,而土壤颗粒组成和水分是影响交错带湿地土壤的NH4+-N和NO3--N关键因子。研究发现,芦苇与短叶茳芏种群的竞争作用不但明显增加了交错带湿地土壤SOC和TN含量,而且也深刻改变了NH4+-N和NO3--N含量的空间分布特征,其可能通过改变土壤的细颗粒组成、氮矿化与硝化作用来影响土壤碳氮的空间分布。

关键词: 气体传输, 土地利用方式, 水力特性

Abstract: To clarify the spatial variations of soil carbon and nitrogen contents of different wetlands in Shanyutan of the Minjiang River estuary,Phragmites australismarsh (PM), Cyperus malaccensismarsh (CM) and their ecotonal marsh (P. australis-C. malaccensismarsh, PCM) were investigated. In the horizontal direction, the contents of soil total nitrogen (TN) and soilorganic carbon (SOC) in different marshes were in the order of PCM>PM>CM. At the verticaldirection, a decrease trend was observed in soil profiles of the three marshes. Compared with PM and CM, the contents ofNH4+-N in surface soil of PCM decreased by 15.78% and 0.84%, while that of NO3--N decreased by 13.04% and 44.00%, respectively. In bottom soil layers, soil NH4+-N increased by 30.00% and 6.06%, while soil NO3--N increased by 43.75% and 23.91%, respectively. The NH4+-N contents of PM soils were mainly controlled by organic matter contents, while the contents of TN in CM soils were influenced by electric conductivity (salinity). Soil particle composition and moisture were the key driving factors for the contents of NH4+-N and NO3--N in PCM soils. The competition of P. australisandC. malaccensis significantly increased the contents of SOC and TN and altered the spatial distributions of NH4+-N and NO3--N in PCM soils, probably due to the alteration of fine particle composition and nitrogen mineralization and nitrification.

Key words: hydraulic characteristics, land use pattern, air transport