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不同土地利用方式对蚯蚓数量及生物量分布的影响

王邵军1,2*,王红1,李霁航1#br#   

  1. (1西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650224; 2南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心, 南京林业大学生物与环境学院, 南京 210037)
  • 出版日期:2017-01-10 发布日期:2017-01-10

Effects of different land use types on spatial-temporal distribution of earthworm density and biomass.

WANG Shao-jun1,2*, WANG Hong1, LI Ji-hang1#br#   

  1. (1Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; 2Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China).
  • Online:2017-01-10 Published:2017-01-10

摘要: 为探明不同土地利用方式对蚯蚓数量及生物量时空动态的影响,选择昆明城市森林、疏林及苗圃等3种土地利用类型为对象,研究蚯蚓密度及生物量的垂直分布与季节动态,并分析土地利用方式改变引起土壤理化环境变化对蚯蚓密度及生物量的影响。结果表明:土地利用方式显著影响蚯蚓密度,总密度大小顺序城市森林(59 ind·m-2)>城市苗圃(24.7 ind·m-2)>城市疏林(15 ind·m-2),但不同土地利用方式对蚯蚓生物量的影响未达到显著水平;蚯蚓密度及生物量湿季显著大于干季,这种季节变化与土壤水分动态密切相关;土地利用方式显著影响蚯蚓密度及生物量的垂直分布,不同土层蚯蚓密度及生物量均表现为城市森林>城市疏林>城市苗圃;0~5 cm土层蚯蚓密度及生物量显著高于5~10及10~15 cm土层,这种垂直变化与土壤水分、有机质及全氮沿土层的变化紧密相关;蚯蚓密度与土壤含水率、pH及有机质呈显著正相关;蚯蚓生物量与土壤含水率、土壤有机质呈显著正相关。研究表明,土地利用方式变化改变蚯蚓栖息的土壤环境,从而显著影响蚯蚓数量及分布,3种土地利用方式中城市森林能够维持较高的蚯蚓数量。

Abstract: To understand the effect of land use change on spatial-temporal distribution of earthworms, we surveyed the vertical distribution and seasonal dynamics of earthworm density and biomass across the three land use types (i.e., urban forest, open forest and seedling nursery), and analyzed the effect of soil physicochemical properties on earthworm density and biomass induced by land use change. We found that: (1) The density of earthworms was ranked as urban forest (59 ind·m-2) > seedling nursery (24.7 ind·m-2) > open forest (ind·m-2), showing a significant influence of land use change on earthworm density; however, the effect of land use change on earthworm biomass was not significant; (2) The density and biomass of earthworms were ranked in the order of urban forest> open forest> seedling nursery, and a significant effect of land use change on the vertical distribution of earthworm density and biomass was observed. The density and biomass of earthworms were greater in wet season than in dry season, which was closely related to soil moisture; (3) The density and biomass of earthworms were in the order of 0-5, 5-10, and 10-15 cm soil layer, which was closely related with the vertical change of soil moisture, soil organic matter and total nitrogen; (4) Earthworm density was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture, pH and soil organic matter, while earthworm biomass had significant positive correlation with soil moisture and soil organic matter. Therefore, the change of land use type played a critical controlling role in the spatialtemporal dynamics of earthworm density and biomass mainly through its effect on the soil environment, and the greatest abundance of earthworm was found in the urban forest.