关键词: 渭北旱塬\ 苹果园, 水肥管理模式, 土壤水分

Abstract: Fungi growing on the woods were investigated in the Dongling Mountain Nature Reserve  to understand the community composition and substrate preference of wooddecaying fungi. A total of 1007 wooddecaying fungi individuals, representing 128 species, belonging to 24 families, 11 orders were recorded on 15 tree genera. Among them, Polyporaceae, Hymenochaetaceae and Meruliaceae were dominant families, which comprised 27.34%, 17.96% and 12.5% of total species number, respectively. There were 14 dominant species, which made up 48.76% of all occurrences. And most of these dominant species were whiterot fungi. Rarefaction curves on different substrates indicated that at decay stages of 2 and 3, most individuals and species were found on host species of Quercus and Populus, especially on substrates with diameters between 0-5 cm and larger than 10 cm, as well as substrates having barks. Besides, substrates having lower numbers of individuals might have higher wooddecaying fungi diversity. Wooddecaying fungi distributed differently on different substrates. Families at different decay stages revealed that succession species were most abundant in number and diversity, while pioneer and ultimate species were less abundant in this area. The low percentage of brownrot fungi was correlated with the presence of few coniferous trees. It is suggested that substrate protection can promote wooddecaying fungi diversity.

Key words: apple orchard, water and fertilizer management, Weibei dryland, soil water.