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上海春季近地面大气N2O浓度空间分布特征及其影响因素

魏宁1,3,佘倩楠1,3,彭霞2,3,朱希扬1,3,潘晨2,3,徐茜1,刘敏1,3*,象伟宁1,3   

  1. 1华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241; 2华东师范大学地理科学学院, 上海 200241; 3华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241)
  • 出版日期:2016-09-10 发布日期:2016-09-10

Spatial variation and determinants of near-surface N2O concentration in Shanghai during spring.

WEI Ning1,3, SHE Qian-nan1,3, PENG Xia2,3, ZHU Xi-yang1,3, PAN Chen2,3, XU Qian1, LIU Min1,3*, XIANG Wei-ning1,3#br#   

  1. (1 School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 2 School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 3 Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Ecorestoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China).
  • Online:2016-09-10 Published:2016-09-10

摘要:

目前研究中对全球和区域尺度的N2O源/汇问题有了较好的理解,但关于城市区域N2O的时空分布特征及其影响机制的认识还比较有限。本文以高度城市化的上海市为研究区域,利用气相色谱法对上海173个观测点开展N2O观测,得到大气N2O浓度的空间分布情况,并初步探讨了人类活动对近地面N2O浓度空间分异的影响。结果表明,上海市近地面大气N2O平均浓度为311.4±2.0 nmol·mol-1,中心城区大气N2O平均浓度最高,为312.0±1.4 nmol·mol-1,青浦区大气N2O平均浓度最低,为309.9±1.7 nmol·mol-1。上海市近地面N2O浓度与城市化梯度没有显著相关性,但交通和商业区N2O浓度和绿地N2O浓度有显著差异。城市河流沉积物氮排放、城郊农田土壤微生物的硝化与反硝化作用以及化石燃料的燃烧是上海市大气N2O的主要来源。
 

关键词: 激发效应, 生物炭, 土壤有机碳, 固碳, 矿化作用

Abstract: The sources and sinks of atmospheric N2O have already been well analyzed both on global and regional scales. However, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and mechanism of N2O concentration in urban areas is relatively unclear. In this study, we investigated the spatial pattern and determinants of nearsurface urban N2O concentration during spring in Shanghai, the commercial and financial center of China. A total number of 173 sampling points covering the whole urban area were collected and analyzed with gas chromatograph (GC). The results indicated that the average N2O concentration for the region was 311.0±2.0 nmol·mol-1, with the highest and lowest values in central city (312.0±1.4 nmol·mol-1) and Qingpu district (309.9±1.7 nmol·mol-1) of Shanghai, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the concentration of N2O and urbanization. N2O concentration in transportation area and commercial area differed from green land area. N2O emission from urban rivers, biogenic sources in rural cropland soils and fossil fuel combustion were the main sources of near-surface N2O in Shanghai.

Key words: soil organic carbon, biochar, mineralization, carbon sequestration., priming effect