关键词: 围垦, 碳排放, 农田管理, 生命周期评价

Abstract: Based on the interface theory within pratacultural system, this paper summarized the responses of soil-vegetation factors to grazing in grassland grazing systems and the compensatory growth of plants under grazing. Grazing intensity has greater effects on plant community than other environmental factors within the same climatic region, therefore, it is the dominant factor influencing plant community characteristics. Besides, scientific grazing system and reasonable grazing intensity could ameliorate soil structure and improve soil resistibility against the change of external environment, otherwise it would accelerate soil erosion and degradation. The influence of grazing livestock feeding on plant productivity and the compensatory growth of plants is a general ecological process; however, over-compensatory plant growth is closely correlated with environmental conditions and states before and after plants are eaten, and also has a strong relationship with the grazing history of grassland. Consequently, we suggest that a grassland grazing system should be assessed by considering the grassland state and dynamic characteristics, and dynamic simulation of sustainable utilization of grassland, and the sustainable development of animal husbandry should be conducted through the model of dynamic programming and system optimization, and establishing grassland grazing management expert system.

Key words: reclamation, farmland management, carbon emission, life cycle assessment