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生态学杂志 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (5): 71-76.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

施肥对土壤潜在养分(磷和钾)和作物产量的影响

宇万太, 张璐, 马强, 赵少华, 沈善敏   

  1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 110016
  • 收稿日期:2004-04-07 修回日期:2004-06-23 出版日期:2004-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 宇万太,男,1964年生,研究员,主要从事农业生态系统养分循环与土壤肥力管理方面的研究工作,发表论文50余篇.
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX2-413-4);国家重点基础发展规划项目(NKBRSF、G1999011804);中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所创新资助项目(SCXMS0301)

Effect of fertilization on soil potential nutrients(P and K) and crop yields

YU Wantai, ZHANG Lu, MA Qiang, ZHAO Shaohua, SHEN Shanmin   

  1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2004-04-07 Revised:2004-06-23 Online:2004-10-10

摘要: 通过5年的田间定位试验,研究辽河平原土壤磷钾的自然释放速度和不同施肥制度下的肥料效应以及建立宏大养分库的过程。结果表明,N、P肥在下辽河平原对玉米具有极好的增产作用,但K肥对玉米暂时不表现增产效果;对大豆而言,P、K肥效果均很明显。不同施肥处理作物吸收养分之间的差异与产量之间的差异相似,但其幅度不同,前者明显大于后者,表明籽实产量的增长与养分消耗不是等比例的。豆茬土壤的供P状况要优于玉米茬;随着施肥年限的延长,残留肥料P、K进入速效养分库的量减少,不同元素其表现也不同。

关键词: NO, 水分胁迫, 杨树, 叶绿素荧光参数, 保护

Abstract: Mid-and long-term experiment was designed to study the release rate of soil P,K and fertilizer effects under different fertilization systems at Liaohe Plain,and the process of building macro nutrients pool.The results showed that the effects of N and P fertilizer for increasing maize production were significant.But Kfertilizer had not such effects.As far as soybean was concerned,Pand Kfertilizer all had obvious effects.The difference between quantity of nutrients and yields under different fertilization treatment was similar.However,the changed extent was different.The former was greatly higher than the latter,which indicated that the increase of grain yield and nutrients exhaustion were not proportional.The ability of P-supplication in soybean fields was better than that in maize fielels.With time running after fertilization,the quantity of residual P and K that come into available nutrients pool declined,and varied with different element.

Key words: Nitric oxide, Water stress, Poplar, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, Protection

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