高寒草甸植物群落中物种多样性与群落变异性的关系及其机制初探

生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (11): 1303-1307.

高寒草甸植物群落中物种多样性与群落变异性的关系及其机制初探

覃光莲¹, 杜国祯²

1. 华中农业大学理学院, 武汉, 430070;
2. 兰州大学生命科学学院, 兰州, 730000

收稿日期:2004-12-13 修回日期:2005-04-22 出版日期:2005-11-10
通讯作者: 覃光莲,女,1969年生,博士.主要从事理论生态学、数学生态学研究.E-mail:qinglian@lzu.edu.cn.
基金资助:
国家自然科学重大研究计划资助项目(90202009);华中农业大学科研启动项目(52204-03046)

Relationships between species diversity and community variability in alpine meadow plant communities and their underlying mechanisms

QIN Guanglian¹, DU Guozhen²

1. College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2004-12-13 Revised:2005-04-22 Online:2005-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对高寒草甸植物群落中采集的群落数据进行分析,探讨了物种构成的相似性、统计平均、种群变异性和净协方差等机制对形成高寒草甸植物群落中多样性与群落地上生物量变异性之间关系的影响。结果表明,地上生物量的年际变异性随着多样性的增加而减小。物种构成相似性是多样性-变异性负关系产生的原因之一,而相似性与多样性之间并无显著相关关系;统计平均效应是另一个多样性-变异性负关系的主要决定者;净协方差效应、种群变异性对多样性-变异性关系产生的影响不显著或非常有限。

关键词: 鲢, 施肥, 浮游生物, 生物量, 群落结构, 盐碱池塘, 围隔生态系统

Abstract: By analyzing the plant community data from a natural alpine meadow,effects of the similarity in species composition,statistical averaging,net covariance,and population variability on the relationships of species diversity with the variability of aboveground biomass in alpine meadow plant community were investigated.The results showed that the variability of aboveground biomass per plot decreased with increasing species richness and composition similarity,while there was no significant correlation between species diversity and composition similarity.It was statistical averaging but not net covariance the dominant factor determining the negative correlation between species diversity and variability in aboveground biomass.Population variability also devoted,but only a few,to the negative correlation.

Key words: Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Fertilization, Plankton, Biomass, Community structure, Saline-alkaline ponds, Enclosure ecosystem

中图分类号:

Q948.1

覃光莲, 杜国祯. 高寒草甸植物群落中物种多样性与群落变异性的关系及其机制初探[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, (11): 1303-1307.

QIN Guanglian, DU Guozhen. Relationships between species diversity and community variability in alpine meadow plant communities and their underlying mechanisms[J]. cje, 2005, (11): 1303-1307.

参考文献

[1] 王国宏.2002.再论生物多样性与生态系统的稳定性[J].生物多样性,10(1):126 134.
[2] 李慧蓉.2004.生物多样性和生态系统功能研究综述[J].生态学杂志,23(3):109～114.
[3] 张全国,张大勇.2002.生物多样性与生态系统功能:进展与争论[J].生物多样性,10(1):49～60.
[4] 张全国,张大勇.2002.生产力、可靠度与物种多样性:微宇宙实验研究[J].生物多样性,10(2):135～142.
[5] 张全国,张大勇.2003.生物多样性与生态系统功能:最新的进展与动向[J].生物多样性,11(5):351～363.
[6] 张继义,赵哈林.2003.植被(植物群落)稳定性研究评述[J].生态学杂志,22(4):42～48.
[7] 覃光莲,杜国祯.2005.高寒草甸植物群落中相似性、物种多样性与地上生物量的年际变异性¨] .西北植物学报,25(5):979～984.
[8] 覃光莲,杜国祯.2005.高寒草甸植物群落中物种多样性与种群变异性关系及其机制初探[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),41(3):31～35.
[9] Aarssen LW. 1997. High productivity in grassland ecosystem: Effected by species or productive species[J]. Oikos, 80:183～ 184.
[10] Cottingham, KL, Brown BL, Lennon JT. 2001. Biodiversity may regulate the temporal variability of ecological systems[J]. Ecol.Lett . , 4:72～85.
[11] Fukami T, Naeem S, Wardle DA. 2001. On similarity among local communities in biodiversity experiments [J]. Oikos, 95: 340 ～348.
[12] Huston MA. 1997. Hidden treatments in ecological experiments:Re-evaluating the ecosystem function of biodiversity[J]. Oecologia, 110:449～460.
[13] Hughs JB, Roughgarden J. 1998. Aggregate community properties and the strength of species interaction [J]. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA,95:6837～6842.
[14] Ives AR, Gross K, Klug JL. 1999. Stability and variability in competitive communities[J]. Science, 286: 542～ 544.
[15] Loreau M. 2000. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Recent theoretical advances[J]. Oikos, 91:3～ 17.
[16] Murdoch WW, Stewart-Oaten A. 1989. Aggregation by parasitoids and predators: Effects on equilibrium and stability[J].Am. Nat., 134:288～310.
[17] Loreau M. 1998. Separating sampling and other effects in biodiversity experiments[J]. Oikos, 82: 600 ～ 602.
[18] Petchey OL, Casey T, Jiang L, et al. 2002. Species richness, environmental fluctuations, and temporal change in total community biomass[J]. Oikos, 99:231 ～240.
[19] Rodriguez MA, Hawkins BA. 2000. Diversity, function and stability in parasitoid communities[J]. Ecol. Lett., 3: 35～ 40.
[20] Tilman D. 1997. Distinguishing between the effects of species diversity and species composition[J]. Oikos, 80:185.
[21] Tilman D. 1999. The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity:A search for general principles[J]. Ecology, 80(5): 1455～ 1474.
[22] Tilman D, Lehman CL, Bristow CE. 1998. Diversity-stability relationships: Statistical inevitability or ecological consequences[J].Am. Nat., 151:277～282.
[23] Tilman D. 1996. Biodiversity:Population versus ecosystem stability[J]. Ecology, 77(3) :350～ 363.
[24] Tilman D, Downing JA. 1994. Biodiversity and stability in grasslands[J]. Nature, 367: 363～ 365