关键词: 湿地植物, 生物量, 资源化利用技术, 生物质资源, 人工湿地

Abstract: Common reed (Phragmites australis), a globally distributed wetland clonal plant, exhibits extensive distribution and high biomass yield in China, demonstrating dual potential for the provision of ecological services and to be used as a resource. Here, we analyze the geographical distribution patterns, genetic diversity characteristics, and biological invasion risks of common reed. Based on a sixdimensional comprehensive utilization framework encompassing feed utilization, substrate utilization, fertilizer conversion, raw material utilization, energy conversion, and natural restoration, we elaborate on diversified pathways including feed development, mushroom substrate cultivation, resource-efficient enhancement of straw composting, paperboard materials upgrading, biomass energy conversion, and artificial wetland construction. Traditional industrial utilization models currently face urgent transformation due to environmental constraints, while ecological restoration, carbon sequestration enhancement, and value-added utilization have emerged as new directions. To address the challenges such as wetland habitat degradation, declining genetic diversity, and insufficient resource utilization efficiency, future efforts should focus on strengthening germplasm resource conservation, optimizing mechanized harvesting techniques, developing eco-friendly adhesives, and advancing carbon sequestration regulation technologies. By promoting a synergistic mechanism integrating agricultural recycling-industrial upgrading-ecological conservation, sustainable equilibrium between ecological preservation and economic valorization of reed resources will be achieved.

Key words: wetland plant, biomass, resource utilization technology, biomass resource, constructed wetland