高原鼢鼠鼠丘演替对高寒草甸土壤及微生物群落的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202608.032

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 2601-2609.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202608.032

高原鼢鼠鼠丘演替对高寒草甸土壤及微生物群落的影响

柴瑜^1,2,李希来^1,2*,李成一^1,2,周怡志^1,2,高佩^1,2,张静²,杜欣儒²,周禧年²,吴西洛²

（¹青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室，西宁 810016； ²青海大学农牧学院，西宁 810016）

出版日期:2026-08-10 发布日期:2026-08-13

Effects of the succession of plateau zokor mounds on soil properties and microbial community in alpine meadow.

CHAI Yu^1,2, LI Xilai^1,2*, LI Chengyi^1,2, ZHOU Yizhi^1,2, GAO Pei^1,2, ZHANG Jing², DU Xinru², ZHOU Xinian², WU Xiluo²

(¹State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; ²College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China).

Online:2026-08-10 Published:2026-08-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黄河源区高寒草甸高原鼢鼠（Eospalax baileyi）干扰形成大量裸露鼠丘，干扰消失后，裸露鼠丘会进行自然恢复，这种恢复演替可能导致草地土壤微生物群落稳定性发生变化。目前关于土壤、微生物特征及微生物稳定性对裸露鼠丘恢复演替进程的响应规律仍不清楚。本研究选择3个阶段的鼢鼠丘：裸露鼠丘（BM）、短期恢复鼠丘（SM）、长期恢复鼠丘（LM），并以健康高寒草甸（YS）为对照，分析了黄河源区高寒草甸裸露鼠丘不同演替阶段的土壤特性及微生物群落的变化特征。结果表明：鼢鼠丘恢复演替进程中，土壤含水量、田间持水量、土壤容重、土壤有机碳、全氮含量逐渐增加，从裸露鼠丘到长期恢复鼠丘，增幅分别为26.48%、1.90%、36.14%、15.87%、39.89%，土壤电导率逐渐降低，土壤β葡萄糖苷酶和碱性磷酸酶活性在恢复阶段更高。裸露鼢鼠丘的恢复演替增加了土壤细菌和真菌的Shannon多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、抵抗力和恢复力以及土壤细菌的生态位宽度。土壤细菌群落稳定性与土壤物理特性（含水量、田间持水量、容重及电导率）、有机碳含量相关性较强，而土壤真菌群落稳定性与土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶活性及有机碳含量相关性更强。本研究揭示了高原鼢鼠裸露鼠丘恢复演替进程中土壤微生物群落稳定性的变化特征，为黄河源区高寒草甸草地管理和恢复策略的制定提供了理论依据。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 高原鼢鼠, 土壤微生物, 群落特征, 群落稳定性

Abstract: A large number of bare mounds are formed by plateau zokor (Eospalax baileyi) interference in alpine meadows in the source region of the Yellow River. After the interference disappeared, the bare mounds naturally recover, which may alter the stability of grassland soil microbial community. The responses of soil characteristics and microbial community stability to the succession of bare mounds remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the variations of soil properties and soil microbial community across three succession stages of zokor mounds in the source region of the Yellow River, including bare mounds (BM), short-term recovery mounds (SM) and long-term recovery mounds (LM), with healthy alpine meadow (YS) as the control. The results showed that soil moisture, soil water-holding capacity, soil bulk density, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content gradually increased from bare mounds to long-term recovery mounds, with the growth rates being 26.48%, 1.90%, 36.14%, 15.87%, and 39.89% respectively. Soil conductivity gradually decreased, and soil β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase activities were higher in the recovery stage. Shannon diversity index, Pielou evenness index, resistance and resilience of soil bacteria and fungi as well as the niche breadth of soil bacteria increased with the recovering succession of bare mounds, Soil bacterial community stability had a strong correlation with soil physical properties (soil moisture, soil water-holding capacity, bulk density and conductivity) and organic carbon content, while soil fungal community stability had a strong correlation with soil β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase activities and organic carbon content. This study reveals the variations of soil microbial community stability during the recovering succession of plateau zokor bare mounds, which provides a theoretical basis for understanding the management and restoration strategy of alpine meadows in the source area of the Yellow River.

Key words: alpine meadow, Eospalax baileyi, soil microorganism, community characteristics, community stability

柴瑜, 李希来, 李成一, 周怡志, 高佩, 张静, 杜欣儒, 周禧年, 吴西洛. 高原鼢鼠鼠丘演替对高寒草甸土壤及微生物群落的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(8): 2601-2609.

CHAI Yu, LI Xilai, LI Chengyi, ZHOU Yizhi, GAO Pei, ZHANG Jing, DU Xinru, ZHOU Xinian, WU Xiluo. Effects of the succession of plateau zokor mounds on soil properties and microbial community in alpine meadow.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(8): 2601-2609.

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高原鼢鼠鼠丘演替对高寒草甸土壤及微生物群落的影响

Effects of the succession of plateau zokor mounds on soil properties and microbial community in alpine meadow.

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