竹杉混交林土壤细菌群落对毛竹扩张经营调控的短期响应

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态调控通过调整种间关系来防控入侵植物，在应对毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）扩张引发的系列生态问题时具有应用潜力。然而，调控措施对土壤细菌群落的影响尚不清楚。为弄清毛竹扩张背景下不同调控措施如何影响土壤细菌群落的组成与多样性，本研究在浙江省湖州市安吉县毛竹扩张区，布设毛竹扩张不同经营调控试验（皆伐、整地、补植），以竹杉混交林为对照（CK），采用高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌群落结构和功能的变化。结果表明：不同调控措施均使竹杉混交林的土壤细菌群落α多样性指数呈上升趋势。其中皆伐毛竹+全垦整地+补种阔叶树种处理试验组（CFB）的Shannon指数最高，Simpson指数最低。β多样性分析表明，CFB组土壤细菌结构与CK组相似度最低。整地和补植等调控措施改变了土壤菌群的相对多度，在CK组，优势细菌门包括变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、WPS-2等，其相对丰度分别为36.52%、22.89%、18.46%、4.08%、3.10%。调控处理后变形菌门和酸杆菌门的相对丰度显著下降（P<0.05），皆伐毛竹+〖JP〗穴状整地+补种针叶树种处理试验组（CHC）的变形菌门相对丰度最低，为28.83%。皆伐毛竹+全垦整地+补种针叶树种处理试验组（CFC）酸杆菌门相对丰度最低，为18.74%。CFB组放线菌门的相对丰度最低，为15.67%。绿弯菌门相对丰度在所有试验组显著上升。线性判别分析（LEfSe）显示，CFB组中Chthoniobacteraceae科和皆伐毛竹+穴状整地+补种阔叶树种组（CHB）中f_norank_o_norank_c_Acidimicrobiia科的相对丰度变化显著，为主要差异指示种。综上，毛竹扩张区不同调控措施对土壤细菌群落组成产生了一定影响，其中对土壤优势菌群的相对多度的影响最显著，这为进一步探讨毛竹扩张的调控方式对土壤微生物介导的生态过程的影响提供了重要的数据参考，有助于理解林分调控经营的重要作用。

关键词: 竹杉混交林, 森林经营管理, 土壤微生物, 土壤细菌群落, 毛竹扩张

Abstract: Ecological regulation, which controls invasive plants by shifting interspecific relationships, demonstrates potential in addressing ecological challenges caused by the expansion of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). However, the effects of regulatory measures on soil bacterial communities remain poorly understood. To clarify how different regulatory measures affect the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities under Moso bamboo expansion, we established management experiments in Moso bamboo invasion zones within Anji County, Zhejiang Province, China. There were three interventions in the experimental design, including clear-cutting, site preparation and replanting, with bamboo-fir mixed forest serving as the control (CK). High-throughput sequencing was applied to assess structural and functional alterations in soil bacterial communities. The results showed that all regulatory measures induced an upward trend in ɑ-diversity indices of soil bacterial communities in the bamboo-fir mixed forest. Among the treatments, the clear cutting of bamboo, full site preparation, replanting broad-leaved tree species (CFB) exhibited the highest Shannon index and the lowest Simpson index. β-diversity analysis revealed the lowest structural similarity in soil bacterial communities between the CFB and CK. Regulatory measures involving site preparation and replanting significantly altered the relative abundance of soil microbiota. In CK, dominant bacterial phyla included Proteobacteria (36.52%), Acidobacteria (22.89%), Actinobacteria (18.46%), Chloroflexi (4.08%), and WPS-2 (3.10%). Following regulatory treatments, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria significantly decreased (P<0.05). The lowest abundance of Proteobacteria (28.83%) was observed in the clear cutting of bamboo, hole-like site preparation, replanting coniferous tree species (CHC), while clear cutting of bamboo, full site preparation, replanting coniferous tree species (CFC) exhibited the lowest Acidobacteria abundance (18.74%). The relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the CFB was the lowest, accounting for 15.67%. Chloroflexi exhibited universal increases across all treatments. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) identified Chthoniobacteraceae in the CFB and f_norank_o_norank_c_Acidimicrobiia in the clear cutting of bamboo, hole-like site preparation, replanting broad-leaved tree species (CHB) as key discriminators with significant abundance shifts. In conclusion, our results indicate that different regulatory measures in Moso bamboo expansion areas affect the composition of soil bacterial communities, with strongest effect on the relative abundance of dominant soil bacterial groups. The study provides important data references for further exploring the impacts of Moso bamboo expansion regulation methods on soil microbe-mediated ecological processes, and facilitates understanding of the role of stand regulatory management.

Key words:

bamboo-fir mixed forest, forest management, soil microorganisms, soil bacterial community, Moso bamboo expansion

楼沁菲, 张淑洁, 黄逸晨, 周秀梅, 王楠, 白尚斌. 竹杉混交林土壤细菌群落对毛竹扩张经营调控的短期响应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(3): 777-784.

LOU Qinfei, ZHANG Shujie, HUANG Yichen, ZHOU Xiumei, WANG Nan, BAI Shangbin. Short-term responses of soil bacterial communities in bamboo-fir mixed forests to the management and regulation of Moso bamboo expansion.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(3): 777-784.

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竹杉混交林土壤细菌群落对毛竹扩张经营调控的短期响应

Short-term responses of soil bacterial communities in bamboo-fir mixed forests to the management and regulation of Moso bamboo expansion.

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