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生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 211-219.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202601.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于物种分布集成模型的夏季罗斯海南极磷虾和晶磷虾栖息地与生态位

朱国平1,2,3,4,5*，陈壮1,2，彭友凤1,2   

  1. （1上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院， 上海 201306； 2上海海洋大学极地研究中心， 上海 201306； 3大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室极地海洋生态系统研究室， 上海 201306； 4国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心， 上海 201306； 5科技部海洋生物国际联合研究中心， 上海 201306）
  • 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2026-01-09

Modelling the summer habitat and niche of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and ice krill (Euphausia crystallorophias) in Ross Sea based on ensemble species distribution model.

ZHU Guoping1,2,3,4,5*, CHEN Zhuang1,2, PENG Youfeng1,2   

  1. (1College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2Center for Polar Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 3Polar Marine Ecosystem Group, The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; 4National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China; 5International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China).

  • Online:2026-01-10 Published:2026-01-09

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摘要： 南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)和晶磷虾(Euphausia crystallorophias)是罗斯海生态系统中的关键物种。然而，目前该区域有关两个物种的分布与生态位重叠研究较为有限。鉴于两者在生态系统中的重要性以及未来不断变化的气候条件对两个物种生存带来的可能影响，本文基于南极磷虾和晶磷虾的出现记录与环境因素（如叶绿素a浓度、海表温度、海表盐度、海冰厚度等）数据，采用4种算法的集成模型对夏季罗斯海区域两种磷虾栖息地及生态位进行分析。结果表明：两种磷虾的栖息地在特拉诺瓦湾存在明显的空间重叠，但南极磷虾的栖息地范围较晶磷虾更广，其分布延伸至罗斯海西北侧的陆架坡折带；南极磷虾的生态位椭圆体完全涵盖晶磷虾的生态位空间，表明南极磷虾对环境具有更强的适应韧性。本文探究了罗斯海两种磷虾的栖息地空间分布及生态位特征，可为养护罗斯海生态系统及推进海洋保护区研究与监测计划提供科学依据。


关键词: 物种分布模型, 栖息地, 气候适应性, 气候变化, 南大洋, 磷虾

Abstract: Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and ice krill (Euphausia crystallorophias) are key species in the Ross Sea. However, studies on the distribution and niche overlap of these two species in this region are rather limited. Given their ecological importance and the potential effects posed by ongoing climate change, we investigated the summer habitat distribution and ecological niches of these two krill species. Based on occurrence records and environmental data including chlorophyll a concentration, sea surface temperature, salinity and sea ice thickness, an ensemble model integrating four algorithms was used to analyze the summer habitats and niches of two krill species in the Ross Sea. The results showed that the two krill species had significant spatial overlap in Terra Nova Bay. However, the habitat range of Antarctic krill was broader, extending to the shelf break in the northwestern side of the Ross Sea. Moreover, the ecological niche ellipsoid of Antarctic krill fully encompassed that of ice krill, indicating the higher environmental tolerance and adaptability of Antarctic krill. By revealing the spatial distribution and niche characteristics of Antarctic krill and ice krill, our results provide scientific support for ecosystem conservation and the development of research and monitoring programs for the Ross Sea Marine Protected Area.


Key words: species distribution model, habitat, climatic adaptability, climate change, Southern Ocean, krill

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