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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 2251-2262.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202107.013

• 技术与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

长白山国家级自然保护区森林生态系统完整性动态评估

张鹏翼1,2,马天啸1,刘波1,梁宇1*,黄超1,吴苗苗3,姜思慧1   

  1. (1中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室, 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016; 2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 3东北师范大学地理科学学院, 长春 130024)
  • 出版日期:2021-07-10 发布日期:2021-07-13

Assessment of forest ecosystem integrity dynamics in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve.

ZHANG Peng-yi1,2, MA Tian-xiao1, LIU Bo1, LIANG Yu1*, HUANG Chao1, WU Miao-miao3, JIANG Si-hui1   

  1. (1CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Shenyang 110016, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China).
  • Online:2021-07-10 Published:2021-07-13

摘要: 森林生态系统完整性动态评估能反映森林生态系统结构和功能的变化,对于制定长期有效的生态系统管理措施有着重要意义。本文以长白山国家级自然保护区及周边8 km外围缓冲带为研究区域,将生态系统完整性评估框架与森林景观模型LANDIS PRO相结合,使用空间主成分分析法构建模型计算生态完整性指数,评估长白山2005、2030、2070和2100年的森林生态系统完整性状况。结果表明:从时间来看,长白山森林生态完整性呈现前期略微下降,后期持续增长的趋势。随着森林演替,长白山森林各等级生态完整性之间的转移面积不断减少,生态完整性结构逐渐趋于稳定。从空间来看,长白山森林整体的生态完整性较高,而局部地区由于历史上受到风灾或人类干扰,出现了低生态完整性的斑块。保护区内的生态完整性高于保护区外的生态完整性,北坡和西坡的生态完整性高于东坡的生态完整性,未来需要对低生态完整性的区域加强管理,促进森林恢复。

关键词: 森林景观模型, 生态系统完整性评估框架, 空间主成分分析, 长白山

Abstract: The assessment of forest ecosystem integrity dynamics can reflect changes in structure and function of forest ecosystems, which is of great significance for establishing longterm effective ecosystem management measures. Here, we developed an indicator system to assess forest ecosystem integrity of the Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve with surrounding 8km radii in 2005, 2030, 2070, and 2100 by combining the ecosystem integrity assessment framework (EIAF) and a forest landscape model (LANDIS PRO). The results showed that forest ecosystem integrity of Changbai Mountain had a slight decline in 2005-2030 and a continuous increase in 2030-2100. The transfer area among various levels of forest ecosystem integrity continuously reduced over time, while the pattern of forest ecosystem integrity with different levels tended to be stable. Spatially, the overall integrity of the Changbai Mountain forest ecosystems was relatively high. However, there were some patches with low ecosystem integrity in this region due to historical typhoon and anthropogenic disturbance. The ecosystem integrity was higher within than outside the nature reserve. The forest ecosystem integrity of the north and west sides was higher than that of the east side of Changbai Mountain. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen management in areas with low forest ecosystem integrity to facilitate forest recovery.

Key words: forest landscape model, ecosystem integrity assessment framework, spatial principal component analysis, Changbai Mountain.