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大田条件下增强UV-B辐射对元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种叶片形态解剖结构的影响

包龙丽1,何永美1,祖艳群1,李元1**,高国兴2,何玉忠2   

  1. 1云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201; 2元阳县新街镇农业综合服务中心, 云南红河 662400)
  • 出版日期:2013-04-10 发布日期:2013-04-10

Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the leaf morphology and anatomical structure of two local rice varieties in Yuanyang terraced fields, Yunnan Province of Southwest China.

BAO Long-li1, HE Yong-mei1, ZU Yan-qun1, LI Yuan1**, GAO Guo-xing2, HE Yu-zhong2   

  1. (1College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; 2The Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center of Xinjie Town in Yuanyang County, Honghe 662400, Yunnan, China)
  • Online:2013-04-10 Published:2013-04-10

摘要: 研究了大田原位种植条件下,人工模拟UV-B辐射增强(0、2.5、5.0、7.5 kJ·m-2)对元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种——月亮谷、白脚老粳分蘖期、拔节期和孕穗期的叶片形态解剖结构的影响。结果表明:(1)UV-B辐射增强导致2个供试水稻叶片的叶长、叶宽和单叶面积逐渐减小;叶片厚度显著或极显著增加;叶片上表皮厚度不同程度的增加和下表皮厚度显著或极显著减小;叶片上、下表皮角质层厚度显著或极显著增加;(2)对叶片解剖结构观察进一步发现,UV-B辐射增强导致水稻叶肉细胞排列疏松,细胞间隙增大;(3)2个供试水稻相比,只有5.0与7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B辐射处理的白脚老粳叶片下表皮角质层厚度显著大于月亮谷,其他处理均没有显著性差异;(4)各辐射处理间的抑制率相比,2个供试水稻5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B辐射处理的叶长、叶片上表皮厚度和下表皮角质层厚度以及白脚老粳7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B辐射处理的单叶面积和叶片上表皮角质层厚度显著或极显著大于2.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B辐射处理,其他处理均无显著性差异。表明UV-B辐射增强对元阳梯田地方水稻品种叶片的形态、解剖结构有显著影响。

关键词: 小豆, 遮阴, 光合特性, 光合色素, 生长发育, 产量

Abstract: An in situ field experiment was conducted in Yuanyang terraced fields to study the effects of simulated enhanced UV-B radiation at different intensity levels (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 kJ·m-2) on the leaf morphology and anatomical structure of two local rice cultivars, Yuelianggu and Baijiaolaojing, at tillering, jointing, and booting stages. For the two test rice cultivars, enhanced UV-B radiation induced a gradual decrease of leaf length, leaf width, and single leaf area, a significant increase of leaf thickness and upper and lower epidermal cuticle thickness, an increase of upper epidermal thickness, and a significant decrease of lower epidermis thickness. Enhanced UV-B radiation also induced a loose array of mesophyll cell and an increase of intercellular space. Under 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·m-2 of UV-B radiation, the thickness of lower epidermal cuticle of Baijiaolaojing was significantly bigger than that of Yuelianggu, but no significant difference was observed under other UV-B radiation intensity levels. The leaf length and the thickness of upper epidermal and lower epidermal cuticle of the two test cultivars under 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·m-2 of UV-B radiation, and the leaf area and the thickness of upper epidermal cuticle of Baijiaolaojing under 7.5 kJ·m-2 of UV-B radiation were significantly larger than those under 2.5 kJ·m-2 of UV-B radiation, but no significant differences were observed between other treatments. These results indicated that enhanced UV-B radiation had significant effects on the leaf morphology and anatomical structure of local rice cultivars in Yuanyang terraced fields.

Key words: Vigna angularis, shading, photosynthetic characteristics, photosynthetic pigment, growth, yield.