金属铜在日本沼虾体内的分布和积累

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 应用组织化学、透射电镜和原子吸收光谱分析等方法,研究了铜在日本沼虾各主要器官和组织中的分布和积累情况。结果表明,在铜离子浓度为0.08 mg·L^-1的溶液中暴露10 d后的日本沼虾肝胰脏内,具有大量的电子密度较高的铜颗粒,主要分布在肝胰脏的肝小管和R细胞中,在血腔中有从R细胞排出的铜颗粒;电镜观察发现铜主要分布在细胞内的溶酶体中,少量颗粒吸附在滑面内质网上;这些铜颗粒通过积聚,在细胞顶端逐渐增多,从而出现外排现象。中肠细胞内也分布有铜颗粒,细胞质出现空泡化,线粒体内嵴部分解体,并有铜颗粒附着在线粒体上。在触角腺中分布有少量的铜颗粒,触角腺细胞内的铜颗粒主要分布于溶酶体中,内质网出现弯曲。原子吸收光谱分析结果表明,肝胰脏中铜的含量最高,达到546.39 mg·kg^-1,肝胰脏有储藏铜元素的功能。

关键词: 土地利用方式, Hood入渗仪, 导水率, 大孔隙度

Abstract: By the methods of histochemistry,transmission electron microscope(TEM) and atomic absorption spectrophotometer(AAS) analysis,this paper studied the accumulation and distribution of copper granules in the major organs of shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense exposed to 0.08 mg稬^-1 Cu²⁺ for 10 days.The results showed that there were large amounts of high electronic dense copper granules in the hepatopancreas of M.nipponense,which primarily deposited in tubules and R cells,and then excreted to haemocyte space.Under ultrastructure,the copper granules were mainly deposited in the lysosome of hepatopancreas cells,and a less amount of them was absorbed in smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum.The copper granules were excreted to the lumen by apocrine secretion.There were copper granules in midgut cells,and vacuolus occurred in the cytoplasm of cells.The cristae in mitochondria were disintegrated partially,and copper granules were absorbed into mitochondria.A little amount of copper granules was deposited in the lysosome of antennal gland cells,and endoplasmic reticulum was curved in the cells.The highest concentration of copper(546.39 mg穔g^-1) was found in hepatopancreas by AAS,suggesting that hepatopancreas might play an important role in storing copper.

Key words: land uses, Hood infiltrometer, hydraulic properties, macroporosity.

中图分类号:

Q178.1

陆星家, 席贻龙, 刘桂云. 金属铜在日本沼虾体内的分布和积累[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, (12): 1444-1448.

LU Xingjia, XI Yilong, LIU Guiyun. Accumulation and distribution of copper granules in shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense[J]. cje, 2005, (12): 1444-1448.

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