咪唑烟酸除草剂灭除互花米草对广西英罗湾潮间带底栖动物群落的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202510.029

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 3340-3348.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202510.029

咪唑烟酸除草剂灭除互花米草对广西英罗湾潮间带底栖动物群落的影响

何斌源^1,2,3，朱婷^1,2,3，赖廷和^1,2,3*，黄中坚^1,2,3，刘秀⁴，韦江玲⁵，莫珍妮^1,2,3，马日宇^1,2,3，韦兆富^1,2,3，张桂顺^1,2,3，龙云宇¹^,2,3，李英花^1,2,3

(¹广西壮族自治区海洋研究院，南宁 530022； ²自然资源部广西海洋检测中心，南宁 530022； ³广西壮族自治区海洋灾害应急中心，南宁 530022； ⁴广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院，南宁 530002； ⁵广西山口红树林生态国家级自然保护区管理中心，广西北海 536000)

出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2025-10-11

Effect of applying imazapyr acid herbicide to eliminate Spartina alterniflora on the macrobenthos community in the intertidal swamp in Yingluo Bay of Guangxi, China.

HE Binyuan^1,2,3, ZHU Ting^1,2,3, LAI Tinghe^1,2,3*, HUANG Zhongjian^1,2,3, LIU Xiu⁴, WEI Jiangling⁵, MO Zhenni^1,2,3, MA Riyu^1,2,3, WEI Zhaofu^1,2,3, ZHANG Guishun^1,2,3, LONG Yunyu^1,2,3, LI Yinghua^1,2,3

(¹Guangxi Academy of Oceanology, Nanning 530022, China; ²Guangxi Marine Testing Center, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Nanning 530022, China; ³Guangxi Marine Disaster Emergency Center, Nanning 530022, China; ⁴Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China; ⁵Management Center of Guangxi Shankou Mangrove National Ecological Nature Reserve, Beihai 536000, Guangxi, China).

Online:2025-10-10 Published:2025-10-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 广西山口红树林生态国家级自然保护区面临严峻的互花米草入侵形势，亟待治理修复。于2022年4月至2023年4月在广西英罗湾设置3个咪唑烟酸除草剂（商品名为抗米净）浓度施药组（D1：50.0；D2：62.5；D3：75.0 g·L^-1）和CK组开展灭除互花米草试验，期间8次采样监测大型底栖动物群落变化，并运用多种群落指标分析评估抗米净对大型底栖动物群落的影响。8次采样共获大型底栖动物7门8纲44种，以软体类和节肢类动物为主。各组群落种类组成全过程波动较大，未出现受到施药影响的规律性趋势。施药组D1和D2在短期的密度和生物量均升高。3个施药组在短期的优势种数量持平甚至上升，中、后期则呈下降趋势，优势聚集在扁平拟闭口蟹（Paracleistostoma depressum）一种。4个试验组在短期的优势种更替率差异不明显，在中、后期则差异明显。物种更替指数没有呈现明显的阶段性变化，多数时候迁出迁入的物种较多。物种迁移指数显示，大部分时间的迁入与迁出物种数差别较小。大型底栖动物污染指数指示绝大多数时间生境是清洁的。综合判断，抗米净药液浓度50.0 g·L^-1、使用量为60 L·hm^-2的使用方法清除互花米草，对大型底栖动物群落的生态影响是可接受的。

关键词: 互花米草, 咪唑烟酸, 潮间带底栖动物群落, 广西英罗湾

Abstract: Guangxi Shankou Mangrove National Ecological Nature Reserve is facing a severe invasion by Spartina alterniflora and urgently needs to be eradicated and restored. We conducted a field experiment to examine the effects of three concentrations of herbicide-spraying groups \[i.e., 50.0 (D1), 62.5 (D2), 75.0 (D3) g·L^-1 of imazapyr herbicide\] on S. alterniflora, from April 2022 to April 2023 on the intertidal flat of Yingluo Bay, Guangxi, China. During the experiment, eight samplings were taken to monitor the changes in the macrobenthos community. Multiple community indices were used to evaluate the impacts of imazapyr on the macrobenthos community. In total, 7 phyla, 8 classes, and 44 species of macrobenthos were captured, with the mollusks and arthropods species being more abundant. The species composition of community in each treatment group fluctuated greatly throughout the entire investigation period, while there was no regular trend affected by pesticide application. The density and biomass of the groups D1 and D2 increased in the early stage. The number of dominant species in the three herbicide-spraying groups remained stable or even increased in the early stage, but showed a downward trend in the middle and late stages, with Paracleistostoma depressum as the dominant population. The difference in the turnover rate of dominant species among the four treatment groups was not significant in the early stage, but significant in the middle and late stages. The species turnover index did not show significant phased changes, with substantial species gain and loss. The species migration index showed that the difference in the number of species migrating in and out was relatively small for most of the time. The macrobenthos pollution index indicated the habitat qualities in vast majority of sampling times were clean. Based on a comprehensive assessment, the ecological impact of using the imazapyr herbicide solution with a concentration of 50.0 g·L^-1 and a dosage of 60 L·hm^-2 to remove Spartina alterniflora on the macrobenthic community was acceptable.

Key words: Spartina alterniflora, imazapyr acid, intertidal macrobenthos community, Yingluo Bay of Guangxi

何斌源, 朱婷, 赖廷和, 黄中坚, 刘秀, 韦江玲, 莫珍妮, 马日宇, 韦兆富, 张桂顺, 龙云宇, 李英花. 咪唑烟酸除草剂灭除互花米草对广西英罗湾潮间带底栖动物群落的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(10): 3340-3348.

HE Binyuan, ZHU Ting, LAI Tinghe, HUANG Zhongjian, LIU Xiu, WEI Jiangling, MO Zhenni, MA Riyu, WEI Zhaofu, ZHANG Guishun, LONG Yunyu, LI Yinghua. Effect of applying imazapyr acid herbicide to eliminate Spartina alterniflora on the macrobenthos community in the intertidal swamp in Yingluo Bay of Guangxi, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(10): 3340-3348.

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咪唑烟酸除草剂灭除互花米草对广西英罗湾潮间带底栖动物群落的影响

Effect of applying imazapyr acid herbicide to eliminate Spartina alterniflora on the macrobenthos community in the intertidal swamp in Yingluo Bay of Guangxi, China.

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