互花米草入侵对黄河口潮沟形态特征和植物群落分布的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202201.003

生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 42-49.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202201.003

互花米草入侵对黄河口潮沟形态特征和植物群落分布的影响

于冬雪^1,2,3,韩广轩^2,3*,王晓杰^2,3,张保华¹

（¹聊城大学环境与规划学院，山东聊城 252000；²中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室，山东烟台 264003； ³中国科学院黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站，山东东营 257100）

出版日期:2022-01-10 发布日期:2022-06-10

Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on morphological characteristics of tidal creeks and plant community distribution in the Yellow River Estuary.

YU Dong-xue^1,2,3, HAN Guang-xuan^2,3*, WANG Xiao-jie^2,3, ZHANG Bao-hua¹#br#

(¹School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, China; ²Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; ³Yellow River Delta Field observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetlend Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongying 257100, Shandong, China).

Online:2022-01-10 Published:2022-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 互花米草大规模入侵滨海湿地，对潮沟形态特征和植物群落的演变产生重大影响。本研究基于2008—2020年遥感影像，利用3S技术，结合回归分析与统计分析法，分析黄河口湿地互花米草入侵的演变特征，探究其对潮沟形态特征和植物群落分布的影响。结果表明：2008年以来，黄河口互花米草面积增长迅速，增长速度为4.47 km²·a^-1；至2020年，互花米草分布面积占河口区的26%;随着互花米草的扩张，芦苇与盐地碱蓬分布面积均呈下降趋势，减少速度分别为0.72和0.39 km²·a^-1；在河口典型潮滩区域，潮沟长度和密度均呈下降趋势，分别减少了8.12 km和0.24 km·km^-2；芦苇和盐地碱蓬群落分布面积、潮沟长度和密度与互花米草分布面积呈显著负相关。

关键词: 河口湿地, 互花米草, 植物群落, 潮沟系统, 遥感

Abstract: Large-scale invasion of Spartina alterniflora on coastal wetlands has a great impact on the morphological characteristics of tidal creeks and the succession of plant communities. Based on the remote sensing images from 2008 to 2020, we analyzed the evolution characteristics of S. alterniflora invasion and its effect on the morphological characteristics and plant community distribution of tidal flats in the Yellow River Estuary by using 3S technology, regression analysis, and statistical analysis. The results showed that the area of S. alterniflora had increased rapidly in the Yellow River Estuary since 2008, with a growth rate of 4.47 km²·a^-1. By 2020, the distribution area of S. alterniflora accounted for 26% of the estuary area. With the expansion of S. alterniflora, the areas of Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa were decreased gradually, with arate of 0.72 and 0.39 km²·a^-1, respectively. In the typical tidal flat area of the Yellow River Estuary, the length and density of tidal creeks were decreased by 8.12 km and 0.24 km·km^-2, respectively. The distribution area of P. australis and S. salsa, as well as the length and density of tidal creeks were significantly negatively correlated with the distribution area of S. alterniflora.

Key words: estuary wetland, Spartina alterniflora, plant community, tidal creeks system, remote sensing.

于冬雪, 韩广轩, 王晓杰, 张保华. 互花米草入侵对黄河口潮沟形态特征和植物群落分布的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(1): 42-49.

YU Dong-xue, HAN Guang-xuan, WANG Xiao-jie, ZHANG Bao-hua. Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on morphological characteristics of tidal creeks and plant community distribution in the Yellow River Estuary.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(1): 42-49.

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互花米草入侵对黄河口潮沟形态特征和植物群落分布的影响

Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on morphological characteristics of tidal creeks and plant community distribution in the Yellow River Estuary.

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