桂西北地质高背景区有色金属冶炼对周边土壤重金属污染与生态风险评价

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202108.012

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 2324-2333.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202108.012

• 农田地质高背景重金属污染专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

桂西北地质高背景区有色金属冶炼对周边土壤重金属污染与生态风险评价

秦旭芝^1,6*,罗志祥²,季文兵^3*,梁鹏¹,苏荣¹,李方¹,刘旭⁴,尹娟^5*

(¹广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心，南宁 530028； ²广西壮族自治区产品质量检验研究院，南宁 530000；³生态环境部南京环境科学研究所，南京 210042；国家环境保护土壤管理与污染控制重点实验室，南京 210042；⁴中国地质大学(北京)，北京 100083； ⁵广西财经学院，南宁 530007； ⁶南宁师范大学，广西西江流域生态环境与一体化发展协同创新中心，南宁 530031)

出版日期:2021-08-10 发布日期:2021-08-10

Pollution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surrounding soil by nonferrous metal smelting with high geological background in Northwest Guangxi.

QIN Xu-zhi^1,6*, LUO Zhi-xiang², JI Wen-bing^3*, LIANG Peng¹, SU Rong¹, LI Fang¹, LIU Xu⁴, YIN Juan^5*

(¹Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanning 530028, China; ²Guangxi Inspection and Research Institute for Product Quality, Nanning 530000, China; ³Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; ⁴School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; ⁵Guangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanning 530007, China; ⁶Guangxi Xijiang River Basin Ecological Environment and Integrated Development Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530031, China).

Online:2021-08-10 Published:2021-08-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 广西碳酸盐岩分布区是典型的土壤重金属地质高背景区，有色金属冶炼活动进一步增强了土壤重金属累积程度，准确区分冶炼活动与地质背景对区域土壤重金属污染的贡献是源解析研究的难点。本文选定广西典型地质背景区某有色金属冶炼区为研究区域，研究了土壤中Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni等重金属的分布特征和潜在生态风险，采用溯源方法分析了土壤中重金属的来源及贡献率。结果表明，研究区土壤主要污染物为Cd、Zn、As和Pb，表层土壤Cd超标程度较重的区域呈强烈生态风险状态。土壤中Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cu、Zn主要来源为冶炼活动，Cr、Ni主要来源为地质高背景。Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni地质背景因素贡献率分别为：4.8%、71.7%、33.6%、31.0%、92.4%、76.5%、27.3%、99.3%；人为影响因素贡献率分别为：95.2%、28.3%、66.4%、69.0%、7.6%、23.5%、72.7%、0.7%。本研究为准确评价碳酸盐岩矿区土壤重金属污染风险，科学制定土壤重金属污染防控对策具有重要的支持作用。

关键词: 有色金属冶炼, 土壤, 重金属, 生态风险

Abstract: The carbonate rock distribution area in Guangxi is a typical area with high geological background of heavy metals in soils. The nonferrous metal smelting activities in this area further enhance heavy metal accumulation in soils. Clarifying the contribution of smelting activities and geological background to regional soil heavy metal pollution is critically needed. In this study, we examined the distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ni) in soils in a nonferrous metal smelting area with typical geological background. The source and contribution rate of heavy metals were analyzed by the traceability method. The results showed that the main pollutants were Cd, Zn, As and Pb, and that the areas with heavy excess of Cd in surface soil were at a state of intensive ecological risk. The smelting activities were the main sources of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cu and Zn in soil. The presence of Cr and Ni was mainly contributed to the high geological background. The contribution rates of geological background factors to Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni were 4.8%, 71.7%, 33.6%, 31.0%, 92.4%, 76.5%, 27.3% and 99.3%, respectively. The contribution rates of human factors were 95.2%, 28.3%, 66.4%, 69.0%, 7.6%, 23.5%, 72.7% and 0.7%, respectively. Our results provide support for accurately evaluating the risk of heavy metal pollution and formulating scientific prevention and control measures of soil heavy metal pollution in carbonate mining areas.

Key words: nonferrous metal smelting, soil, heavy metal, ecological risk.

秦旭芝, 罗志祥, 季文兵, 梁鹏, 苏荣, 李方, 刘旭, 尹娟. 桂西北地质高背景区有色金属冶炼对周边土壤重金属污染与生态风险评价[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(8): 2324-2333.

QIN Xu-zhi, LUO Zhi-xiang, JI Wen-bing, LIANG Peng, SU Rong, LI Fang, LIU Xu, YIN Juan. Pollution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surrounding soil by nonferrous metal smelting with high geological background in Northwest Guangxi.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(8): 2324-2333.

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桂西北地质高背景区有色金属冶炼对周边土壤重金属污染与生态风险评价

Pollution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surrounding soil by nonferrous metal smelting with high geological background in Northwest Guangxi.

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