不同结构配比的鼠李糖脂乳化活性与油泥清洗效果

生态学杂志

不同结构配比的鼠李糖脂乳化活性与油泥清洗效果

包红旭¹,张欣^1,2,赵峰^2,4,赵劲毅³,李国桥³,史荣久²,韩斯琴²,李萍²,张颖^2*

(¹辽宁大学环境学院，沈阳 110036；²中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室，沈阳 110016；³大庆油田有限责任公司第二采油厂第七作业区，黑龙江大庆 163414；⁴黑龙江威凯洱生物技术有限公司，哈尔滨宏达建设发展集团，哈尔滨 150000)

出版日期:2020-01-10 发布日期:2020-01-10

Effects of rhamnolipids with different structure ratios on the emulsification activity and oily sludge cleaning.

BAO Hong-xu¹, ZHANG Xin^1,2, ZHAO Feng^2,4, ZHAO Jin-yi³, Li Guo-qiao³, SHI Rong-jiu², HAN Si-qin², LI Ping², ZHANG Ying^2*

(¹School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; ² Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ³The 7th Operating Zone, No. 2 Oil Production Plant, Daqing Oilfield Limited Company, Daqing 163414, Heilongjiang, China; ⁴Heilongjiang Weikaier Biotechnology Company Limited, Harbin Hongda Construction Development Group, Harbin 150000, China).

Online:2020-01-10 Published:2020-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以大庆油田原油和含油污泥为对象，研究不同结构配比鼠李糖脂表面活性剂乳化活性及其对含油污泥清洗效果的影响，并优化清洗工艺参数。结果表明：单鼠李糖脂比例越高，其表面活性越好；双鼠李糖脂比例越高，其对原油的乳化能力越强；临界胶束浓度随着双鼠李糖脂比例的增加而逐渐加大；单、双鼠李糖脂配比不同的表活剂对油泥的清洗效果也不同，质量比为50∶50时清洗效率最高；鼠李糖脂浓度为1.0 g·L^-1、热洗时间为1.5 h、热洗温度为65 ℃、洗脱强度为220 r·min^-1、固液质量比为1∶5条件下，油泥的清洗效率最高，可达81.3%；含油率为29.6%的落地油泥，经一级洗涤后油泥残油率降至5.5%，原油回收率达到87.3%，清洗出的原油无明显乳化，易于分离。由此可知，鼠李糖脂的单、双糖脂比例不同对其理化性质和清洗含油污泥的效果均有不同程度的影响。

关键词: 覆盖, 根系分布, 细根, 土壤理化性状, 根系活力

Abstract: Physicochemical activities and oily sludge cleaning effect of rhamnolipids with different structure compositions were examined using crude oil and oily sludge of Daqing Oilfield. Meanwhile, the parameters of oily sludge cleaning were optimized. Results showed that there was a positive relationship between the proportion of monorhamnolipids and surface activity of rhamnolipids. The proportion of di-rhamnolipids was positively correlated with emulsifying ability of rhamnolipids to crude oil. Different ratios of mono-rhamnolipids and di-rhamnolipids affected oily sludge cleaning effect. The cleaning efficiency was the highest at a ratio of 50:50. The optimized cleaning parameters were as follows: rhamnolipids concentration of 1.0 g·L^-1, hot wash time of 1.5 h, hot wash temperature of 65 ℃, eluting power of 220 r·min^-1, and solid liquid ratio of 1:5. The cleaning efficiency was up to 81.3% under optimized conditions. After cleaning process, oil content of the ground oily sludge was reduced from 29.6% to 5.5%. The oil recovery efficiency was 87.3%. The washed crude oil has no obvious emulsification and is easy to separate. Different ratios of mono-rhamnolipids and di-rhamnolipids affect their physicochemical properties and the oily sludge cleaning effect.

Key words: fine root, soil physicochemical property, root activity., mulching, root distribution

包红旭,张欣,赵峰,赵劲毅,李国桥,史荣久,韩斯琴,李萍,张颖. 不同结构配比的鼠李糖脂乳化活性与油泥清洗效果[J]. 生态学杂志.

BAO Hong-xu, ZHANG Xin, ZHAO Feng, ZHAO Jin-yi, Li Guo-qiao, SHI Rong-jiu, HAN Si-qin, LI Ping, ZHANG Ying. Effects of rhamnolipids with different structure ratios on the emulsification activity and oily sludge cleaning.[J]. cje.

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