冬小麦免耕覆盖与有机肥施用对土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落多样性的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202206.024

生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1101-1108.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202206.024

冬小麦免耕覆盖与有机肥施用对土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落多样性的影响

刘文娟^1,2,马琨^1,2,3*,王兵兵^1,2,何亚玲^1,2,姜琴芳^2,3,米扬^2,3

（¹宁夏大学农学院，银川 750021； ²宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室，银川 750021；³宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地，银川 750021）

出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-06-08

Effects of no-tillage, mulching, and organic fertilizer application on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in winter wheat field.

LIU Wen-juan^1,2, MA Kun^1,2,3*, WANG Bing-bing^1,2, HE Ya-ling^1,2, JIANG Qin-fang^2,3, MI Yang^2,3

(¹College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; ²Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; ³National Key Laboratory Breeding of Northwest Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China).

Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-06-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示农业活动对土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落结构及多样性的影响，选取免耕覆盖不施有机肥（NC）、免耕覆盖施有机肥（NF）、传统耕作不覆盖不施有机肥（TC）和传统耕作不覆盖施有机肥（TF）４个处理，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序方法，对宁夏南部山区免耕覆盖与有机肥施用冬小麦土体土壤丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）多样性及群落组成进行研究。结果表明：（1）耕作措施显著影响了土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量；与不施有机肥处理相比，有机肥施用显著改变了土壤pH、速效磷、速效钾和有机质。免耕覆盖施用有机肥后（NF），土壤速效钾及有机质含量显著增加。（2）从16个土壤样本中所获得的AMF分属于1门、3纲、4目、5科和7属。其中，球囊霉属（Glomus）、近明球囊霉属（Claroideoglomus）和类球囊霉属（Paraglomus）为各处理AMF群落的优势属；但有机肥施用对AMF优势菌属的相对丰度有抑制作用。（3）耕作和施用有机肥，均对土壤AMF的丰富度指数无显著影响。耕作措施显著改变了均匀度指数（Pielou_e）和多样性指数（Shannon和Simpson指数）。NC处理促进土壤AMF的均匀度指数（Pielou_e）和多样性指数（Shannon指数）。耕作和施用有机肥均对土壤AMF群落多样性产生了影响，但以耕作措施对土壤AMF群落多样性的影响较明显。（4）非度量多维尺度及多元分析结果表明，土壤pH、全N影响AMF群落组成，但不是驱动土壤AMF群落变化的主要因子。因此，在宁夏南部山区实施免耕覆盖、施用有机肥的保护性农业措施可以改善土壤理化性质，提高土壤AMF群落多样性。

关键词: 免耕覆盖, 有机肥, 高通量测序, 丛枝菌根真菌, 多样性

Abstract: Our objective was to investigate the effects of agricultural management on the structure and diversity of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities. An experiment was conducted in a mountainous area of south Ningxia with four treatments: no-tillage mulching without organic fertilizer application (NC), no-tillage mulching with organic fertilizer application (NF), conventional tillage without organic fertilizer application (TC), and conventional tillage with organic fertilizer application (TF). Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used to analyze the impacts of conservation tillage measures on the structure and diversity of soil AMF communities. The results showed that: (1) Tillage significantly affected soil available N and available K contents. Compared with no fertilization, organic fertilizer application significantly altered soil pH, available P, available K and organic matter. Soil available K and organic matter contents of NF treatment were significantly increased. (2) In all the 16 soil samples, 1 phylum, 3 classes, 4 orders, 5 families, 7 genera of AMF were identified. The dominant genera wereGlomus, Claroideoglomus, andParaglomus. Organic fertilizer application decreased the relative abundance of dominant genera. (3) Both tillage and organic fertilizer application did not affect the species richness of soil AMF. Tillage significantly affected evenness (Pielou_e) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) of soil AMF. Notillage mulching without organic fertilizer application (NC) increased evenness (Pielou_e) and diversity index (Shannon index) of soil AMF. Both fertilization and tillage affected the composition of soil AMF community, with the effect of tillage on the diversity of soil AMF community being more obvious. (4) The results of nonmetric multidimensional scaling and redundancy analysis showed that total nitrogen and pH were the dominant variables affecting AMF community composition, but were not the key environmental variable driving AMF community change. Therefore, conservation agricultural management practices of no-tillage mulching and organic fertilizer application could improve soil physicochemical properties and increase soil AMF community diversity in the mountainous area of south Ningxia.

Key words: no-tillage mulching, organic fertilizer, high-throughput sequencing, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, diversity.

刘文娟, 马琨, 王兵兵, 何亚玲, 姜琴芳, 米扬. 冬小麦免耕覆盖与有机肥施用对土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落多样性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(6): 1101-1108.

LIU Wen-juan, MA Kun, WANG Bing-bing, HE Ya-ling, JIANG Qin-fang, MI Yang. Effects of no-tillage, mulching, and organic fertilizer application on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in winter wheat field.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(6): 1101-1108.

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冬小麦免耕覆盖与有机肥施用对土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落多样性的影响

Effects of no-tillage, mulching, and organic fertilizer application on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in winter wheat field.

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