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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 2963-2973.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202009.013

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

光照强度对紫斑牡丹生理及生长特性的影响

尚三娟1,2,王义婧1,2,王楠1,2,杨吉兰4,徐胜1,2,3,何兴元1,2,3,陈玮1,2,3*   

  1. 1中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室(中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所), 沈阳 110016; 2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 3中国科学院沈阳树木园, 沈阳 110016; 4西南林业大学, 昆明 650224)
  • 出版日期:2020-09-10 发布日期:2021-03-10

Effects of light intensity on physiological and growth characteristics of Paeonia suffruticosavar.papaveracea.

SHANG San-juan1,2, WANG Yi-jing1,2, WANG Nan1,2,YANG Ji-lan4, XU Sheng1,2,3, HE Xing-yuan1,2,3, CHEN Wei1,2,3*   

  1. (1CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3Shenyang Arboretum, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 4Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China).  
  • Online:2020-09-10 Published:2021-03-10

摘要: 紫斑牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosavar.papaveracea)是集观赏、油用及药用价值为一体的经济作物,与牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)相比具有较强的耐寒、耐旱性,对光照条件的要求较为苛刻。为了解紫斑牡丹对光照的需求及适应规律,本研究以3年生紫斑牡丹幼苗为材料,模拟东北地区林下光强,研究了紫斑牡丹在4种光照强度(全光照、透光率55%、25%和15%)处理下的生理及生长特性。结果表明:与全光照相比,遮阴条件下紫斑牡丹通过提高叶片色素含量、表观量子效率(AQE)、PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)及光补偿点(LCP)来提高对光能的吸收利用效率,以适应弱光环境,其中25%透光率处理的紫斑牡丹具有最高的光合性能和净光合速率(Pn),为全光照的1.58倍;在全光照处理下,紫斑牡丹叶片受到强光抑制,丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量显著增加(P<0.05),光合作用系统受到严重损害,光合速率较低。遮阴处理时紫斑牡丹通过增大叶片比叶面积(SLA)、降低根冠比(R/S)并促进植株株高生长来获取更多的光照,其中,25%透光率处理的紫斑牡丹株高生长量显著高于全光照和15%透光率处理,分别为二者的4.57和3.87倍。本研究表明,25%透光率是最有利于紫斑牡丹生长的理想光照条件,该结果为紫斑牡丹在东北林下的引种栽培提供了科学依据。

关键词: 光强, 紫斑牡丹, 生理特性, 苗木生长

Abstract: Paeonia suffruticosavar. papaveracea is an economic crop with ornamental, oil, and medicinal values. It has stronger cold and drought tolerance than Paeonia suffruticosa, but is strict with light requirement. To understand the light requirement and adaptation of P. suffruticosa var. papaveracea, 3-year-old seedlings were used to examine the physiological and growth characteristics under four different light intensities (full sunlight, light with transmission rate 55%, 25% and 15%) by simulating the understory light intensity in northeast China. Compared with the full light condition, P. suffruticosa var. papaveracea seedlings under shading increased the absorption and utilization efficiency of light energy by increasing the pigment content, apparent quantum efficiency (AQE), the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and the light compensation point (LCP) to adapt to the weak light conditions. The seedlings treated with 25% light transmittance had the highest photosynthetic performance and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), which was 1.58 times as much as that under full light. Under full light treatment, foliar malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) contents increased significantly (P<0.05), but the photosynthetic system was seriously damaged, with low photosynthetic rate. In shading treatment, plant obtained more light by increasing specific leaf area (SLA), reducing root/crown (R/S), and promoting plant height growth. The height growth of plants under 25% light transmittance treatment was significantly higher than that under full sunlight and 15% light transmittance (P<0.05), being 3.57 and 2.87 times higher respectively. Therefore, 25% light transmittance was the most favorable light condition for the growth of P. suffruticosa var. papaveracea seedlings. Our results provided scientific basis for the introduction and cultivation of P. suffruticosa var.papaveracea seedlings in forests of northeast China.

Key words: light intensity, Paeonia suffruticosa var.papaveracea, physiological property, seedling growth.