叶喷海藻酸钠寡糖对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗抗逆性及生理特性的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202209.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以盐敏感水稻品种IR29和耐盐水稻品种FL478为试材，进行盆栽试验，研究了叶喷900 mg·L^-1海藻酸钠寡糖（alginate oligosaccharidesAOS）对0.3% NaCl胁迫下水稻幼苗地上部生长、根系形态建成、抗氧化酶活性、抗氧化剂含量、渗透调节物质含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量及O₂^-_·产生速率等指标的影响。结果表明：NaCl胁迫下，IR29和FL478幼苗地上部生长及根系建成受到抑制，叶片MDA含量及O₂^-_·产生速率显著增加；NaCl胁迫下施加外源AOS较单独NaCl胁迫相比，IR29的茎粗和叶面积分别显著增加10.53%和8.54%，FL478的茎粗、叶面积和地上部鲜重分别显著增加9.09%、7.50%和6.06%；IR29的根长、根干重、根表面积、根体积和根尖数分别显著增加了18.98%、23.33%、18.29%、14.15%和15.15%，FL478根长、根干重分别显著增加了8.36%和10.73%；IR29叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）及苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性分别显著增加了10.79%、21.31%、22.21%、23.66%和15.39%,FL478叶片APX酶活性显著增加26.15%，SOD、PAL、POD和CAT酶活性增加率分别为6.20%、10.25%、3.99%和6.96%；IR29的抗坏血酸（ASA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸（Pro）含量分别显著增加了33.88%、13.51%、5.54%和20.52%，FL478的ASA、GSH、可溶性蛋白含量分别显著增加了25.16%、14.86%和2.69%；IR29和FL478的MDA含量分别显著减少8.14%和17.17%，O₂^-_·产生速率分别显著下降34.68%和29.24%。综上表明，盐胁迫下喷施外源AOS能通过增强抗氧化与渗透调节能力，清除过量活性氧（ROS），降低膜脂过氧化水平，以增强盐胁迫下水稻幼苗生长的抗逆性。

关键词: 海藻酸钠寡糖, 盐胁迫, 水稻幼苗, 抗逆性, 生理特性

Abstract: We examined the effects of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) with 900 mg·L^-1 concentration under 0.3% NaCl salt stress on shoot growth, construction of root morphology, activities of antioxidases, antioxidant content, O₂^-_·production rate, osmotic adjustment substance and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in rice seedlings of salt sensitive cultivar IR29 and salt resistant cultivar FL478. The results showed that salt stress had negative impacts on the growth of seedlings of IR29 and FL478, and positive impacts on the O₂^-_· production rate and MDA contents in leaves. Under the stress conditions, foliar spraying AOS significantly promoted the growth of rice seedlings and increased stem diameter, leaf area of IR29 by 10.53% and 8.54%, respectively. Foliar spraying AOS significantly increased stem diameter, leaf area and shoot fresh weight of FL478 by 9.09%, 7.50% and 6.06%, respectively. Foliar spraying AOS significantly increased root length, root dry weight, root surface area, root volume and root tip number of IR29 by 18.98%, 23.33%, 18.29%, 14.15% and 15.15%, respectively; significantly increased root length and root dry weight of FL479 by 8.36% and 10.73%, respectively. Foliar spraying AOS significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) in leaves of IR29 by 10.79%, 21.31%, 22.21%, 23.66% and 15.39%, respectively; significantly increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) of FL478 by 26.15%. Foliar spraying AOS significantly increased the content of ascorbic acid (ASA), glutathione (GSH), soluble protein and free proline (Pro) of IR29 by 33.88%, 13.51%, 5.54% and 20.52%; significantly increased the content of ascorbic acid (ASA), glutathione (GSH) and soluble protein of FL478 by 25.16%, 14.86% and 2.69%. Foliar spraying AOS significantly decreased MDA content of IR29 and FL478 by 8.14% and 17.17%, respectively. O₂^-_· production rate in the leaves of IR29 and FL478 reduced by 34.68% and 29.24%, respectively. Our results indicated that exogenous AOS spraying could enhance the resistance of rice seedlings to salt stress by improving the antioxidant and osmotic regulation capacity and removing a large amount of accumulated ROS to reduce membrane lipid peroxidation level.

Key words: alginate oligosaccharides, salt stress, rice seedling, stress resistance, physiological characteristics.

刘玲, 冯乃杰, 郑殿峰, 高宏, 韩镇鸿, 陈观杰, 母德伟. 叶喷海藻酸钠寡糖对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗抗逆性及生理特性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(10): 1887-1894.

LIU Ling, FENG Nai-jie, ZHENG Dian-feng, GAO Hong, HAN Zhen-hong, CHEN Guan-jie, MU De-wei. Effects of foliar spraying alginate oligosaccharides on stress resistance and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings under salt stress.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(10): 1887-1894.

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叶喷海藻酸钠寡糖对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗抗逆性及生理特性的影响

Effects of foliar spraying alginate oligosaccharides on stress resistance and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings under salt stress.

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