Abstract: As one of the most concerned transitional metal dichalcogenides nanomaterials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been widely applied in various fields due to its unique physical, chemical and biological properties. During the production, use, and disposal, MoS₂ nanomaterials inevitably enter the environment through multiple pathways. The potential threat of MoS₂ nanomaterials to ecosystems cannot be ignored. We summarized the research progress regarding the migration and transformation behaviors of MoS₂ after releasing into aquatic environments, and discussed the effects and mechanisms of environmental factors. We reviewed the toxicity effects and associated mechanisms of MoS₂ nanomaterials on plants, animals, and microorganisms, and elucidated the relationships between the ecotoxicity and physicochemical characteristics of MoS₂ (e.g., size, morphology, crystal structure, and element doping). We proposed the outlook regarding the research of environmental behaviors and ecotoxicity of MoS₂ nanomaterials, aiming to provide guidance for the research and application of nanomaterials in the same type in ecology and environment field.

Key words: engineered nanoparticle, ecotoxicology, migration and transformation, influencing factor, structure-activity relationship