养分添加对黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤理化性质和植物功能性状的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202610.029

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 3290-3299.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202610.029

养分添加对黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤理化性质和植物功能性状的影响

梅思远¹,张俪文^1*,张冬梅¹,赵连军^2,3

（¹天津师范大学生命科学学院，动物多样性保护与利用重点实验室，天津 300387； ²中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所，中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室，山东烟台 264003； ³鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院，山东烟台 264025）

出版日期:2026-10-10 发布日期:2027-04-12

Effects of nutrient addition on soil physicochemical properties and plant functional traits in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River delta.

MEI Siyuan¹, ZHANG Liwen^1*, ZHANG Dongmei¹, ZHAO Lianjun^2,3

(¹Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; ²Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; ³School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China).

Online:2026-10-10 Published:2027-04-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在全球变化背景下，研究养分添加对滨海湿地土壤理化性质及植物功能性状的影响，可为滨海湿地植被的保护与管理提供科学依据。在黄河三角洲滨海湿地建立野外实验平台，设置CK（对照）、N添加、P添加、K添加4种处理，在每年5—8月中旬进行养分添加，N、P、K添加量均为10 g·m^-2·a^-1。通过野外控制实验，研究了不同养分添加下土壤理化性质以及植物生长和生理性状的变化。结果表明：N添加使土壤硝态氮（NO₃^--N）、有效氮（AN）和有效Cu的含量分别提高了98.6%、98.7%、18.6%（P<0.05）；使植物叶面积增加31.4%、冠层叶面积指数增加29.2%、株高增加13.6%，使叶片TN、K和Zn含量分别提高9.4%、15%、30.7%（P<0.05），使叶片Mg和Na含量分别降低了21.6%、48%（P<0.05）。P添加使土壤TN含量提高了33.3%,使叶片TP提高了17.7%（P<0.05），使冠层叶面积指数和叶片Na含量分别降低了23.3%、46.6%（P<0.05）。K添加使土壤NO₃^--N、速效钾(AK)和植物株高分别提高了72.9%、52.3%、11.8%（P<0.05），使叶片Mg和Na含量分别降低了24.2%、60.3%（P<0.05）。此外，通过植物功能性状与土壤理化性质的冗余分析发现，土壤N、P、K含量以及pH和电导率显著影响植物生长与生理指标。因此，外源养分输入引发的环境变化，对黄河三角洲滨海湿地的土壤理化性质及植物功能性状具有显著影响。

关键词: 氮添加, 磷添加, 钾添加, 黄河三角洲, 芦苇群落, 植物功能性状

Abstract: Under the background of global change, understanding the effects of nutrient addition on soil physicochemical properties and plant functional traits in coastal wetlands would provide a scientific foundation for the conservation and management of coastal wetland vegetation. Using field-manipulative experiments in the coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, we investigated the soil physicochemical properties and changes in plant growth and physiological traits under the addition of different nutrients. Nutrients were applied annually from May to mid-August, with N, P, and K at a rate of 10 g·m^-2·a^-1 each. The results showed that N addition significantly increased soil nitrate (NO₃^--N), available nitrogen (AN), and available Cu by 98.6%, 98.7%, and 18.6% (P<0.05), respectively. Nitrogen addition significantly increased leaf area by 31.4%, canopy leaf area index by 29.2%, plant height by 13.6%, and increased leaf N, K, and Zn contents by 9.4%, 15%, and 30.7% (P<0.05), while it significantly reduced leaf Mg and Na contents by 21.6% and 48%, respectively (P<0.05). Phosphorus addition significantly increased soil TN by 33.3% and leaf TP by 17.7% (P<0.05), while it significantly decreased canopy leaf area index and Na content by 23.3% and 46.6%, respectively (P<0.05). Potassium addition significantly increased soil NO₃^--N, AK, and plant height by 72.9%, 52.3%, and 11.8%, respectively (P<0.05). Potassium addition also significantly decreased leaf Mg and Na contents by 24.2% and 60.3%, respectively (P<0.05). Additionally, redundancy analyses between plant functional traits and soil physicochemical properties revealed that soil N, P, K contents, pH, and conductivity significantly influenced plant growth and physiological indices. Therefore, environmental changes induced by exogenous nutrient inputs substantially impacted soil physicochemical properties and plant functional traits in the coastal wetland of the Yellow River Delta.

Key words: N addition, P addition, K addition, Yellow River Delta, common reed community, plant functional trait

梅思远, 张俪文, 张冬梅, 赵连军. 养分添加对黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤理化性质和植物功能性状的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(10): 3290-3299.

MEI Siyuan, ZHANG Liwen, ZHANG Dongmei, ZHAO Lianjun. Effects of nutrient addition on soil physicochemical properties and plant functional traits in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River delta.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(10): 3290-3299.

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养分添加对黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤理化性质和植物功能性状的影响

Effects of nutrient addition on soil physicochemical properties and plant functional traits in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River delta.

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