荒漠绿洲过渡带不同土地利用类型下土壤有机碳矿化特征及其对氮添加的响应

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202508.033

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 2506-2514.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202508.033

荒漠绿洲过渡带不同土地利用类型下土壤有机碳矿化特征及其对氮添加的响应

宋佼阳^1,2,3,4,赵广兴^1,2,3,4,丛孟菲^1,2,3,5,张志浩^1,2,3*,曾凡江^1,2,3,4,5*

(¹中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆荒漠植物根系生态与植被修复重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830011； ²荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，乌鲁木齐 830011； ³新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，新疆策勒 848300； ⁴中国科学院大学，北京 100049； ⁵新疆大学，乌鲁木齐 830046)

出版日期:2025-08-10 发布日期:2025-08-11

Soil organic carbon mineralization characteristics under different land use types in desert-oasis transition zone and its response to nitrogen addition.

SONG Jiaoyang^1,2,3,4, ZHAO Guangxing^1,2,3,4, CONG Mengfei^1,2,3,5, ZHANG Zhihao^1,2,3*, ZENG Fanjiang^1,2,3,4,5*#br#

(¹Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; ²State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; ³ Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, Xinjiang, China; ⁴ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; ⁵ Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China).

Online:2025-08-10 Published:2025-08-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明极端干旱区荒漠-绿洲过渡带不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳（SOC）矿化潜力及其对氮（N）添加的响应，选取塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘荒漠-绿洲过渡带灌木林和农田两种土地利用类型，以邻近未垦荒漠地为对照，并以NH₄Cl为外加N源，采用室内培养法测定SOC矿化速率和累积矿化量，并结合微生物群落组成和碳氮循环相关酶活性，探究了SOC矿化的调控因素。结果表明：土地利用类型对SOC累积矿化量具有显著影响，农田和灌木林SOC累积矿化量显著高于未垦荒漠地（P<0.05）。SOC矿化速率在第1天或第3天达到峰值，后随培养时间的延长逐渐降低。相关性分析显示，SOC累积矿化量与土壤可溶性有机氮、铵态氮和硝态氮呈显著负相关，而与pH呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。冗余分析表明，土壤碳氮循环相关酶活性和微生物群落组成对不同土地利用类型SOC矿化的总解释率达95.02%，其中真菌与细菌比、革兰氏阳性菌和放线菌丰度对SOC矿化的影响最大。N添加推迟了灌木林和未垦荒漠地土壤最大矿化速率的出现时间，但对土壤微生物群落组成和SOC累积矿化量无显著影响。研究表明，荒漠地开垦为灌木林和农田后能增加SOC的矿化，养分有效性在该过程中发挥着重要作用。

关键词: 土壤有机碳矿化, 土地利用类型, 氮添加, 酶活性, 微生物群落组成

Abstract: We explored the mineralization potential of soil organic carbon (SOC) between two land use types, shrubland and cropland, in the southern edge of the desert-oasis transition zone in hyper-arid area of the Taklamakan Desert, and analyzed the response mechanism to nitrogen (N) addition. Adjacent uncultivated desert land was used as a control. NH₄Cl was used as the N source. The SOC mineralization rate and cumulative SOC mineralization were measured in an incubation experiment in the laboratory. The regulatory factors of SOC mineralization including the microbial community composition and enzyme activities related to carbon and N cycling were explored. The results showed that land use types had a significant impact on the cumulative mineralization of SOC. The cumulative mineralization of SOC in cropland and shrubland were significantly higher than those in uncultivated desert land (P<0.05). The mineralization rate of SOC peaked on the 1st or 3rd day, and then gradually decreased with the extension of incubation time. The cumulative mineralization of SOC was significantly negatively correlated with soil dissolved organic N, ammonium, and nitrate, but positively correlated with pH (P<0.05). Redundancy analysis showed that 95.02% of the variation of SOC mineralization was explained by enzyme activity and microbial community composition, and fungi to bacteria ratio. Gram-positive bacteria and actinomyces abundances exerted the greatest impact on SOC mineralization. Nitrogen addition delayed the occurrence time of the maximum of soil mineralization rate in shrublands and uncultivated desert lands, but did not affect soil microbial community composition and SOC cumulative mineralization. These findings indicate that the reclamation of desert lands into shrublands and croplands can increase SOC mineralization, with nutrient availability playing an important role in this process.

Key words: soil organic carbon mineralization, land use type, nitrogen addition, enzyme activity, microbial community composition

宋佼阳, 赵广兴, 丛孟菲, 张志浩, 曾凡江. 荒漠绿洲过渡带不同土地利用类型下土壤有机碳矿化特征及其对氮添加的响应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(8): 2506-2514.

SONG Jiaoyang, ZHAO Guangxing, CONG Mengfei, ZHANG Zhihao, ZENG Fanjiang. Soil organic carbon mineralization characteristics under different land use types in desert-oasis transition zone and its response to nitrogen addition.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(8): 2506-2514.

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荒漠绿洲过渡带不同土地利用类型下土壤有机碳矿化特征及其对氮添加的响应

Soil organic carbon mineralization characteristics under different land use types in desert-oasis transition zone and its response to nitrogen addition.

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