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生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 3351-3359.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202610.025

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同形态氮对落叶松和水曲柳细根分解及养分释放的影响

闫宇1,潘理1,龙福强2,王秀伟1*,孙涛2   

  1. (1东北林业大学林学院, 哈尔滨 150040; 2中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室, 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016)

  • 出版日期:2026-10-10 发布日期:2027-04-12

Effects of nitrogen addition on the decomposition and nutrient release of fine roots in Larix gmelinii and Fraxinus mandshurica.

YAN Yu1, PAN Li1, LONG Fuqiang2, WANG Xiuwei1*, SUN Tao2   

  1. (1School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; 2CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China).

  • Online:2026-10-10 Published:2027-04-12

摘要: 细根分解是植物向土壤输入并返回碳(C)和养分的关键途径,而大气氮沉降引发外源氮输入增加,正持续干扰细根分解过程,进而影响森林生态系统的养分循环。为探明氮添加对不同等级细根分解速率及养分释放的作用机制,本研究以东北地区主要造林树种落叶松(Larix gmelinii)和水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)为对象,采用根序划分法将细根(直径≤2 mm)划分为3个等级(一二级根混合为低级根,三四五级根混合为中级根,六级细根为高级根),并设置3种氮处理(无机氮IN,NH4NO3, 10 g N·m-2·a-1; 有机氮ON,尿素10 g N·m-2·a-1;有机氮无机氮混合处理组),通过埋袋法研究不同形态氮添加对两树种不同等级细根分解及养分释放的影响。结果表明:分解350 d后,两树种细根分解速率存在显著种间差异(P<0.05),表现为水曲柳分解速率大于落叶松;施氮显著促进水曲柳和落叶松细根分解速率,且不同氮形态促进作用存在差异,具体表现为:IN处理对两树种分解促进效果最强,ON次之,IN+ON效果不显著,不同氮处理下各等级细根分解速率无显著差异(P>0.05)。水曲柳和落叶松细根养分释放特征存在明显分化:低级根C释放率显著低于中、高级根,而N释放率显著高于中、高级根。此外,施氮显著促进细根C释放,但对N释放无显著影响。本研究结果可为深入理解氮沉降下森林生态系统物质循环过程提供参考。


关键词: 氮添加, 水曲柳, 落叶松, 细根分解, 养分释放

Abstract: Fine root decomposition is a key way for plants to return carbon (C) and nutrients to the soil. The increases in exogenous nitrogen input caused by increased global atmospheric nitrogen deposition is continuously interfering with root decomposition process, thereby affecting the nutrient cycle of forest ecosystems. To explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of nitrogen addition on decomposition rates and nutrient release of fine roots across different root orders, we selected Larix gmelinii and Fraxinus mandshurica, the dominant afforestation tree species in Northeast China, as research materials. The root-order classification approach was adopted to separate fine roots (diameter ≤2 mm) into three groups: first- and second-order roots were combined as low-order roots, third- to fifth-order roots as medium-order roots, and sixth-order roots as high-order roots. There were four nitrogen treatments, including inorganic nitrogen (IN), organic nitrogen (ON), mixed inorganic and organic nitrogen (IN+ON), and a control (CK). The litterbag method was used to investigate decomposition and nutrient release of fine roots with different root orders for the two tree species. The results showed that after 350 days of decomposition, there was a significant interspecific difference in root decomposition rate between the two tree species (P<0.05), which was manifested as F. mandshurica>L. gmelinii. Nitrogen application significantly promoted root decomposition rate in both species, but there were differences in the promotion effects of different nitrogen forms. The specific manifestations were: IN had the best effect, followed by ON, IN+ON had no significant effect. There was no significant difference in the decomposition rate of each fine root order across different nitrogen treatments (P>0.05). There was a significant differentiation in nutrient release characteristics for both species. The C release rate of low-order roots was significantly lower than that of medium- and high-order roots, while the N release rate was significantly higher than that of medium- and high-order roots. In addition, nitrogen application significantly promoted the release of fine root C, but did not affect N release. Our results can help understand  the material cycle process in forest ecosystems under nitrogen deposition.


Key words: nitrogen addition, Fraxinus mandshurica, Larix gmelinii, fine root decomposition, nutrient release