人工生草覆盖年限对柑橘园土壤N2O排放的驱动机制

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202608.010

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 2643-2653.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202608.010

人工生草覆盖年限对柑橘园土壤N₂O排放的驱动机制

杨洪炳^1,2,曾立雄^1,2,雷蕾^1,2,张佳佳^1,2,杨鑫^1,2,黄志霖^1,2,肖文发^1,2*

（¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所，国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室，北京 100091； ²湖北秭归三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站，湖北秭归 443699）

出版日期:2026-08-10 发布日期:2026-08-17

The driving mechanism of artificial grass cover duration on N₂O emissions from citrus orchard soils.

YANG Hongbing^1,2, ZENG Lixiong^1,2, LEI Lei^1,2, ZHANG Jiajia^1,2, YANG Xin^1,2, HUANG Zhilin^1,2, XIAO Wenfa^1,2*

(¹Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; ²National Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Zigui 443699, Hubei, China).

Online:2026-08-10 Published:2026-08-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 评估柑橘园土壤温室气体排放潜力利于其优化管理策略。本研究以三峡库区柑橘园施肥条件下清耕（CK）及光叶苕子（Vicia villosa）覆盖4、7和11年的0~10 cm土层非根际土壤为对象，采用野外原位测定法测定土壤气体排放通量，并分析土壤理化性质与微生物特性，探究光叶苕子覆盖年限对氧化亚氮（N₂O）排放的驱动机制。结果表明：相较于CK，光叶苕子覆盖使N₂O的平均排放通量显著提高了42.7%，同时也提高了土壤毛管孔隙度、β-葡萄糖苷酶活性以及CO₂的平均排放通量。N₂O排放通量随覆盖年限呈先升后降的动态变化。覆盖年限对土壤pH和水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径（W_MWD）具有显著影响，且N₂O通量与NH₃、CH₄呈显著负相关，与CO₂呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。N₂O通量的主要驱动因子为土壤湿度、W_MWD和N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶活性；偏最小二乘法路径模型（PLS-PM）分析揭示，光叶苕子覆盖年限通过影响土壤湿度、提高团聚体稳定性和优化微生物碳磷阈值比（TER C/P）来调控N₂O排放；核心驱动因子的协同作用可解释N₂O排放变异的95.8%。综上，延长光叶苕子覆盖期可通过增强土壤团聚体稳定性并优化TER C/P，从而有效抑制N₂O排放，为三峡库区柑橘园N₂O减排管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 三峡库区, 年限梯度, N₂O排放, 光叶苕子覆盖, 元素阈值比

Abstract: To assess the potential of soil greenhouse gas emissions in citrus orchards of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region and to inform management optimization, we examined fertilized non-rhizosphere topsoil (0-10 cm) under four treatments: clean tillage (CK) and cover cropping with smooth vetch (Vicia villosa) established for 4, 7, and 11 years. Gas fluxes from soils were determined by the field in-situ measurement method, and soil physicochemical properties and microbial characteristics were analyzed to explore the driving mechanism of smooth vetch cover duration on nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions. Smooth vetch cover significantly increased N₂O emission by 42.7%, and enhanced soil capillary porosity, β-glucosidase activity, and CO₂ emission. The N₂O emission presented a dynamic trend of rising first and then declining with increasing cover duration. Cover duration significantly affected soil pH and the mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates (W_MWD). N₂O flux was negatively correlated with NH₃ and CH₄ fluxes but positively correlated with CO₂ flux (P<0.05). The primary drivers of N₂O flux were soil moisture, W_MWD, and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) indicated that the duration of smooth vetch cover modulated N₂O emission by influencing soil moisture, enhancing aggregate stability, and optimizing the microbial threshold elemental carbon-to-phosphorus ratio (TER C∶P ratio). The synergistic effect of core driving factors explained 95.8% of the variation in N₂O emission. Overall, extending the duration of smooth vetch cover can effectively suppress N₂O emission by strengthening soil aggregate stability and optimizing TER C∶P ratio, providing a scientific basis for N₂O mitigation in citrus orchards of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir Region, duration gradient, N₂O emission, smooth vetch cover, element threshold ratio

杨洪炳, 曾立雄, 雷蕾, 张佳佳, 杨鑫, 黄志霖, 肖文发. 人工生草覆盖年限对柑橘园土壤N₂O排放的驱动机制[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(8): 2643-2653.

YANG Hongbing, ZENG Lixiong, LEI Lei, ZHANG Jiajia, YANG Xin, HUANG Zhilin, XIAO Wenfa. The driving mechanism of artificial grass cover duration on N₂O emissions from citrus orchard soils.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(8): 2643-2653.

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人工生草覆盖年限对柑橘园土壤N₂O排放的驱动机制

The driving mechanism of artificial grass cover duration on N₂O emissions from citrus orchard soils.

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