施肥与光叶苕子覆盖对柑橘园土壤N2O排放短期影响及其驱动因素

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202507.016

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 2218-2228.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202507.016

施肥与光叶苕子覆盖对柑橘园土壤N₂O排放短期影响及其驱动因素

杨洪炳^1,3,曾立雄^1,2,3,雷蕾^1,2,3,杨鑫^1,3,张佳佳^1,3,黄志霖^1,2,3,肖文发^1,2,3*

（¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所，国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室，北京 100091； ²南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心，南京 210037； ³湖北秭归三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站，湖北秭归 443699）

出版日期:2025-07-10 发布日期:2025-07-10

The short-term impact of fertilization and smooth vetch cover on soil nitrous oxide emissions in citrus orchards and the driving factors.

YANG Hongbing^1,3, ZENG Lixiong^1,2,3, LEI Lei^1,2,3, YANG Xin^1,3, ZHANG Jiajia^1,3, HUANG Zhilin^1,2,3, XIAO Wenfa^1,2,3*

(¹Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Nature Conservation, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China; ²Southern Modern Forestry Collaborative Innovation Centre, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; ³National Orientation Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Zigui 443699, Hubei, China).

Online:2025-07-10 Published:2025-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究土壤氧化亚氮（N₂O）排放与环境因素的关系及其对管理措施变化的响应，对长江三峡库区估算土壤温室气体排放潜力、改善面源污染问题和柑橘园经营管理有重要意义。为探究长江三峡库区管理措施对柑橘园土壤理化性质、N₂O排放通量和微生物特性的影响及N₂O排放的调控机制，选取施肥+光叶苕子覆盖（V）、施肥+清草（T）和不施肥+光叶苕子覆盖（NF）3种管理措施下0～10 cm的土壤为研究对象。结果表明：施肥提高了整体土壤酶活性5.12%，且降低了土壤团聚体的水稳定性14.84%，光叶苕子覆盖则降低了整体土壤酶活性10.31%，而对团聚体稳定性无显著影响。施肥增加了土壤N₂O排放通量，而光叶苕子覆盖则相反。土壤N₂O与其他气体排放通量之间关联性不强。土壤温室气体和氨气的排放通量，在T和NF处理下易受土壤碳氮比和硝态氮含量影响，而V处理下易受土壤pH和含水量影响。N₂O排放通量受土壤总孔隙度、阳离子交换量和碳磷阈值比的显著影响。同时，土壤微生物生长与代谢受氮限制，而施肥和光叶苕子覆盖能降低其氮限制程度，且主要通过影响土壤温度直接作用于粉粒含量、水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径和硝酸还原酶活性等来调控N₂O的排放通量，且共同解释其变化98.7%。可持续农业管理策略影响土壤团聚体稳定性，进而直接调控土壤N₂O排放通量。

关键词: 三峡库区, 施肥, 生草覆盖, 氧化亚氮（N₂O）, 团聚体稳定性, 微生物营养限制

Abstract: The investigation of the relationship between soil nitrous oxide (N₂O) emission and environmental factors, as well as its response to management practices, is of great significance for estimating soil greenhouse gas emission potential, improving non-point source pollution, and optimizing citrus orchard management in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Yangtze River. We explored the effects of management practices on the physicochemical properties of citrus orchard soils, N₂O emission fluxes, and microbial characteristics, along with the regulatory mechanisms behind N₂O emissions in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Soil samples from 0-10 cm depth were collected under three management practices: fertilization plus smooth vetch cover (V), fertilization plus grass clearing (T), and no fertilization plus smooth vetch cover (NF). The results showed that fertilization increased overall soil enzyme activity by 5.12% and reduced the water stability of soil aggregates by 14.84%. In contrast, the smooth vetch cover reduced overall soil enzyme activity by 10.31% but did not affect aggregate stability. Fertilization stimulated soil N₂O emission, whereas smooth vetch reduced it. There was a weak correlation between soil N₂O and other gas emission fluxes. Greenhouse gas and ammonia emission fluxes were influenced by the ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content under T and NF treatments, and by soil pH and water content under V treatment. N₂O emission fluxes were significantly affected by soil total porosity, cation exchange capacity, and the threshold ratio of carbon to phosphorus. Soil microbial growth and metabolism were nitrogen-limited. Both fertilization and smooth vetch cover alleviated nitrogen-limitation. Furthermore, these practices regulated N₂O emission fluxes mainly through the direct effects of soil temperature on soil silt content, mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates, and nitrate reductase activity, which collectively explained 98.7% of the variation. Implementing sustainable agricultural management strategies can enhance soil aggregate stability, thereby directly regulating soil N₂O emission fluxes.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir Area, fertilization, grass mulching, nitrous oxide (N₂O), aggregate stability, microbial nutrient limitation

杨洪炳, 曾立雄, 雷蕾, 杨鑫, 张佳佳, 黄志霖, 肖文发. 施肥与光叶苕子覆盖对柑橘园土壤N₂O排放短期影响及其驱动因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(7): 2218-2228.

YANG Hongbing, ZENG Lixiong, LEI Lei, YANG Xin, ZHANG Jiajia, HUANG Zhilin, XIAO Wenfa. The short-term impact of fertilization and smooth vetch cover on soil nitrous oxide emissions in citrus orchards and the driving factors.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(7): 2218-2228.

[1]	李雄威, 马亮亮, 周志霖, 刘秦, 杨万金, 吴小丹, 彭晚霞. 不同施肥措施对水蜜桃园土壤线虫群落结构和多样性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1929-1936.
[2]	曾鸣谦, 吴丽君, 周围, 赵二毛, 曹受金. 施氮和高温胁迫对杜鹃幼苗根系构型和生理指标的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(2): 451-459.
[3]	罗慧莹, 刘勇, 苏文会, 陈家洪, 范少辉, 孙宇彤, 龙永美, 景雄. 施肥对毛竹林凋落物前期分解过程的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(12): 3640-3647.
[4]	叶钰倩, 王晖, 栾军伟, 马金豪, 明安刚, 刘世荣. 不同树种混交对团聚体有机碳及其组分的早期影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(11): 3350-3356.
[5]	李承基, 官凤英, 郑亚雄, 周潇. 配比施肥对带状采伐毛竹林林下植被多样性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(4): 796-803.
[6]	高日平, 赵沛义, 刘小月, 张君, 李焕春, 黄洁, 景宇鹏, 段玉. 长期施肥对农牧交错带栗钙土土壤理化性质及生物学特性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(3): 552-560.
[7]	尚妍萌, 张杰, 孟会生, 谢钧宇, 郝鲜俊, 孙大生, 洪坚平. 不同施肥处理下采煤矿区复垦土壤微生物功能多样性与共现性特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(2): 386-394.
[8]	窦文清, 贾伟涛, 张久红, 易雪梅, 温兆飞, 吴胜军, 马茂华. 三峡水库消落带植被现状、适生策略及生态修复研究进展 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(1): 208-218.
[9]	丁驰, 雷梅, 甘子莹, 王浩, 严强, 丘清燕, 胡亚林. 间伐和施肥对杉木人工林土壤温室气体排放的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(6): 1056-1065.
[10]	胡可, 严光荣, 唐安军. 非生物因子对东方香蒲种群有性更新的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(6): 1121-1127.
[11]	董姝含, 吕慧捷, 周锋, 张效琛, 何红波, 张旭东, 张威. 玉米土壤有机氮组分的生长季动态变化及其对当季和长期秸秆还田的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(1): 73-80.
[12]	宋佳丽, 王鸿雁, 张淑香, 彭畅, 鲁彩艳, 迟光宇, 陈欣. 施肥和秸秆还田对黑土农田土壤剖面养分分布的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(1): 108-115.
[13]	余坦蔚, 葛志强, 严强, 李梦娇, 洪小敏, 陈甜, 胡亚林. 杉木人工林自然衰老叶和绿色叶凋落物分解对间伐强度和施肥的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(6): 1589-1598.
[14]	冯嘉仪, 谢姗宴, 吴道铭, 欧阳健辉, 曾曙才. 氮磷钾配施对银杏果实和外种皮产量及品质的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(6): 1650-1659.
[15]	杨志坚, 冯金玲, 吴小慧, 陈来贺, 余新晓, 陈丽华. 氮磷钾施肥对闽楠幼苗营养元素吸收与利用的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(4): 998-1011.

施肥与光叶苕子覆盖对柑橘园土壤N₂O排放短期影响及其驱动因素

The short-term impact of fertilization and smooth vetch cover on soil nitrous oxide emissions in citrus orchards and the driving factors.

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价