旋耕和秸秆还田方式对棕壤微生物群落特征的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202309.034

生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 2049-2060.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202309.034

旋耕和秸秆还田方式对棕壤微生物群落特征的影响

隋鹏祥^1,2，廉宏利²，王峥宇²，姜英^2*，齐华²，罗洋¹，郑金玉¹

（¹吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部东北作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室，长春 130033； ²沈阳农业大学农学院，沈阳 110866）

出版日期:2023-09-10 发布日期:2023-08-30

Effects of rotary tillage and straw incorporation on microbial community of brown soil.

SUI Pengxiang^1,2, LIAN Hongli², WANG Zhengyu², JIANG Ying^2*, QI Hua², LUO Yang¹, ZHENG Jinyu¹#br#

#br#

(¹Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, China; ²College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China).

Online:2023-09-10 Published:2023-08-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨旋耕和秸秆还田方式对棕壤微生物群落特征的影响，在辽宁铁岭开展5年田间定位试验，设置全层旋耕（RT）、条带旋耕（RR）、秸秆全层旋耕还田（RTS）和秸秆条带旋耕还田（RRS）4种处理。结果表明：与秸秆不还田相比，RTS和RRS均显著提高变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和子囊菌门相对丰度，降低放线菌门、髌骨菌门、厚壁菌门、WPS-2菌门和担子菌门相对丰度；秸秆还田细菌和真菌基因拷贝数、Chao1指数和Shannon指数较不还田处理分别高出130.0%、15.9%、14.9%和185.1%、31.9%、28.4%，其中RTS处理细菌和真菌基因拷贝数最高，较RRS分别提高40.9%和50.1%；共现网络分析发现，RTS和RRS均显著提高节点数、连接数和平均连通度，其中RRS正向链接比例最高，Bacterium Ellin 6519菌属和Knufia菌属是两者共同的关键微生物菌群；土壤细菌和真菌基因拷贝数与多样性呈显著正相关；结构方程模型表明，土壤有机碳和容重直接影响细菌群落特性，有机碳和亮氨酸氨肽酶活性直接影响真菌群落特性。研究结果为解析秸秆条带旋耕还田对棕壤微生物群落的影响提供理论基础。

关键词: 条带旋耕, 秸秆还田, 土壤细菌, 土壤真菌, 群落结构, 群落多样性

Abstract: We examined the effects of rotary tillage and straw incorporation approaches on microbial community characteristics of brown soil with a 5-year field experiment in Tieling, Liaoning Province. There were four treatments: (1) whole soil layer rotary tillage without straw incorporation (RT); (2) ridges of rotary tillage without straw incorporation (RR); (3) whole soil layer rotary tillage with straw incorporation (RTS); and (4) ridges of rotary tillage with straw incorporation (RRS). The results showed that compared with no straw incorporation (RT and RR treatments), RTS and RRS treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Ascomycota, and decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Patescibacteria, Firmicutes, WPS-2, and Basidiomycota. Bacterial and fungal gene copy numbers, Chao1 index and Shannon index under straw incorporation treatments were 130.0%, 15.9%, 14.9% and 185.1%, 31.9%, 28.4% higher than those under no straw incorporation treatments, respectively. Compared with RRS, RTS increased the bacterial and fungal gene copy numbers by 40.9% and 50.1%. Results of the bacterial-fungal co-occurrence network analysis showed that RTS and RRS treatments significantly increased the nodes, links, and average connectivity degree. Moreover, RRS had the highest positive link percentage. Bacterium Ellin 6519 and Knufia were key microorganisms under straw incorporation treatments. There was a significant positive correlation between soil bacterial and fungal gene copy number and community diversity. The structural equation modeling showed that soil organic carbon content and bulk density directly affected bacterial community characteristics, while soil organic carbon content and leucine aminopeptidase activity directly affected fungal community characteristics. The results provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the effects of straw strip incorporation with rotary tillage on microbial community in brown soil.

Key words: strip rotary tillage, straw incorporation, soil bacteria, soil fungi, community structure, community diversity.

隋鹏祥, 廉宏利, 王峥宇, 姜英, 齐华, 罗洋, 郑金玉. 旋耕和秸秆还田方式对棕壤微生物群落特征的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(9): 2049-2060.

SUI Pengxiang, LIAN Hongli, WANG Zhengyu, JIANG Ying, QI Hua, LUO Yang, ZHENG Jinyu. Effects of rotary tillage and straw incorporation on microbial community of brown soil.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2023, 42(9): 2049-2060.

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旋耕和秸秆还田方式对棕壤微生物群落特征的影响

Effects of rotary tillage and straw incorporation on microbial community of brown soil.

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