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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 959-967.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202104.016

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

巴丹吉林沙漠东缘主要植物种群空间分布关系

刘红梅1,吕世杰2*,刘青泉1,刘丽英1,王玉芝1,任倩楠1,周瑶3,高启4   

  1. (1内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院, 呼和浩特 010010; 2内蒙古农业大学, 呼和浩特 010018;3内蒙古赤峰市红山区棚户区改造管理办公室, 内蒙古赤峰 024000;  4内蒙古乌兰察布市园林局, 内蒙古乌兰察布 012000)
  • 出版日期:2021-04-10 发布日期:2021-04-07

Spatial distribution relations of main plant populations in eastern Badain Jaran Desert.

LIU Hong-mei1, LYU Shi-jie2*, LIU Qing-quan1, LIU Li-ying1, WANG Yu-zhi1, REN Qian-nan1, ZHOU Yao3, GAO Qi4   

  1. (1Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science, Hohhot 010010, China; 2College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; 3Reconstruction and Management Office of Hongshan District, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia, China; 4Wulanchabu Landscape Bureau of Inner Mongolia, Wulanchabu 012000, Inner Mongolia, China).
  • Online:2021-04-10 Published:2021-04-07

摘要: 梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、红砂(Reaumuria songarica)和白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)是巴丹吉林沙漠防风固沙的主要植物,对改善生态环境具有重要意义。为探讨其空间分布及其相互作用关系,本研究以阿拉善右旗塔木素苏木地区“塔木素野生肉苁蓉及梭梭产籽基地”为试验区,从空间分布角度对3个植物种群空间分布的一致性程度、斑块分布特征、植被发展方向和密度效应进行了分析。结果表明:梭梭、红砂和白刺空间分布的一致性依次降低。各植物种群之间空间分布的斑块镶嵌性明显,入侵沙地过程从西南向东北方向延伸,受各物种生物学特性和资源限制影响,平均冠幅直径的集水径流曲线流出坐标为(700,0),且与梭梭种群的主导作用密不可分;3个植物种群在200 m尺度范围内呈现竞争关系,在整个研究尺度内呈协同作用,其权衡的基础是土壤资源的限制作用强度和自然环境恶劣程度。总之,3个植物种群具有自己的生物学特性和生态学适应特征,形成在小尺度竞争、大尺度协同的空间镶嵌分布形式,且整体呈现以梭梭种群为主导的植被扩散格局和发展趋势。

关键词: 巴丹吉林沙漠, 梭梭, 红砂, 白刺, 空间分布

Abstract:

Haloxylon ammodendron, Reaumuria songarica, and Nitraria tangutorum are of great significance for wind prevention, sand fixation, and ecoenvironment improvement in Badain Jaran Desert. We explored their spatial distribution and interaction in Tamushu Wild Cistanche deserticolaand Haloxylon ammodendron Seed Production Base in Tamushu Town of Alxa Right Banner. Spatial distribution consistency, patch distribution characteristics, vegetation development direction and density effect of the three species were analyzed from the perspective of spatial distribution. The results showed that the consistency of spatial distribution of H. ammodendron, R. songarica and N. tangutorum decreased in proper order. The patch mosaic of spatial distribution was obvious among different species. The process of population invasion into the sandy land extended from southwest to northeast. Affected by the biological characteristics and resource constraints, the coordinate of runoff curve of average crown diameter was (700, 0), which was closely related to the dominance of H. ammodendronpopulation. There was competition among the three species within the 200 m scale and a synergistic effect in the whole research scale, with the trade off being based on the limitation of soil resources and the severity of the natural environment. In conclusion, there was a spatial mosaic distribution of the three species with smallscale competition and large-scale cooperation, due to their own biological characteristics and ecological adaptation characteristics. The vegetation diffusion pattern and development trend were dominated by H. ammodendron population.

Key words: Badain Jaran Desert, Haloxylon ammodendron, Reaumuria songarica, Nitraria tangutorum, spatial distribution.