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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 3421-3429.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202010.037b

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市自然保护地空间分布格局与交叉重叠特征

冯达,胡理乐,陈建成*   

  1. (北京林业大学经济管理学院, 北京 100083)
  • 出版日期:2020-10-10 发布日期:2021-04-09

Spatial distribution and the overlapping feature of Beijing protected areas.

FENG Da, HU Li-le, CHEN Jian-cheng*   

  1. (School of Economics and Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China).
  • Online:2020-10-10 Published:2021-04-09

摘要: 自然保护地整合优化是建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的重要组成部分。自然保护地的空间分布格局和空间关系研究是保护地整合优化的重要基础,对于保护地整合优化工作具有重要意义。本文以北京市5种类型81处自然保护地为研究对象,采用地理集中指数、不平衡指数、最邻近点指数和核密度估计的方法对北京市自然保护地空间分布和重叠保护地特征进行定性和定量分析。结果表明:北京市自然保护地和重叠保护地均呈集中分布,重叠保护地的地理集中性更强、聚集程度更高;延庆区、房山区、门头沟区和密云区是保护地数量和出现交叉重叠现象最多的辖区,累计占比高达70%以上;在重叠保护地类型上,自然保护区与风景名胜区的重叠是最为普遍的重叠类型。本研究结果清晰地描述了北京自然保护地交叉重叠现状特征,可为北京市自然保护地整合优化提供科学参考。

关键词: 自然保护地, 自然公园, 自然保护区, 交叉重叠, 空间分布

Abstract:

 The integration and optimization of protected areas is an essential part of establishing a protected area system dominated by national parks. Knowledge of the spatial distribution and relationships for protected areas is the foundation of the integration and optimization of protected areas. Here, we used geographic concentration index, imbalance index, nearest neighbor index, and kernel density estimation to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the spatial distribution pattern and overlapping characteristics of 81 protected areas affiliated to five categories in Beijing. The results showed that protected areas and overlapping protected areas in Beijing are distributed in an aggregation manner, while the overlapping protected areas are more agglomerate. Yanqing District, Fangshan District, Mentougou District and Miyun District have the largest numbers of protected areas and overlapping protected areas, with their cumulative contribution being over 70%. In terms of the types of overlapping protected areas, the overlap between nature reserves and scenic spots is the most common. Our results described the overlapping characteristics of Beijing’s protected areas and provided a scientific reference for the integration and optimization of protected areas in Beijing.

Key words: protected area, nature park, nature reserve, cross overlapping, spatial distribution.