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石漠化区先锋树种对青冈幼苗的保育作用及枝叶性状的影响

吕仕洪1,2*,李象钦1,白坤栋1,2,韦春强1,曾丹娟1,2,徐广平1,2   

  1. (1广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林 541006;2广西喀斯特植物保护与恢复生态学重点实验室, 广西桂林 541006)
  • 出版日期:2018-07-10 发布日期:2018-07-10

The effects of three pioneer tree species on facilitation and twig and leaf traits of Cyclobalanopsis glauca seedlings in a rocky desertification region of Guangxi, China.

LÜ Shi-hong1,2, LI Xiang-qin2, BAI Kun-dong1,2, WEI Chun-qiang2, ZENG Dan-juan1,2, XU Guang-ping1,2   

  1. (1Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China; 2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China).
  • Online:2018-07-10 Published:2018-07-10

摘要: 青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)是南方喀斯特区地带性森林植被比较常见而重要的建群种或优势种,对石漠化山区有较强的适应性。本研究调查了桂西南石漠化区环境下,茶条木(Delavaya toxocarpa)、银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala)和任豆(Zenia insignis)等3种先锋树种对定植1~3年青冈幼苗生长及枝叶性状的影响。结果表明:3个先锋树种对青冈幼苗的成活和生长均具有比较明显的保育作用,并且这种保育作用随青冈幼苗年龄增长而增强,对株高的影响要大于对基径的影响,茶条木的保育作用明显大于任豆;与同一坡位冠外空地相比,先锋树种冠下的青冈幼苗主干的高茎比(株高/基径)及平均节间长度、叶片SPAD值和平均单叶面积等较大,叶片N含量较高和C/N值较低,其中茶条木下和银合欢下与冠外空地之间的差异显著(P<0.05),茶条木下的比叶面积(SLA)明显大于冠外空地(P<0.05)。根据本次及以往研究结果,在桂西南石漠化山区,茶条木、银合欢和任豆可作为青冈的保育植物,以提高其幼苗定居成功率和植被修复效果。

关键词: 生物富集, 稳定同位素, 食物网, 重金属

Abstract: Cyclobalanopsis glauca is a constructive or dominant species of forest vegetation in karst region of south China, which has strong adaptability to rocky desertification mountain area. An experiment was conducted to explore the effects of three pioneer tree species, i.e.,Delavaya toxocarpa, Leucaena leucocephala, and Zenia insignis, on seedlinggrowth and twig and leaf traits of 1-3 years old C. glauca seedlings in rocky desertification area of southwest Guangxi, China. The results showed that the facilitative effect of three pioneer species on the survival and growth ofC. glauca seedlings were distinct, which was enhanced with the increases of seedling age. The facilitative effect on seedling height growth was greater than on basal diameter growth. The facilitation by D. toxocarpa was greater than by Z. insignis. Some parameters of C. glauca seedlings such as ratio of plant height to basal diameter, average internode length of stems, SPAD value of leaves, average area of single leaves and N content of leaves were larger under three pioneer tree species canopy than that outside canopy, whereas the C/N ratio of leaves was smaller. All these parameters of C. glauca seedlings were significantly different (P<0.05) between beneath D. toxocarpa or L. leucocephala and outside canopy. The specific leaf area of C. glauca seedlings was significantly greater beneathD. toxocarpa than outside canopy. According to the results of this study and previous studies, D. toxocarpa, L. leucocephala and Z. insignis can be chosen as the nurse plants to improve the establishment of C. glauca seedlings and thus the efficiency of vegetation restoration in rocky desertification region of southwest Guangxi, China.

Key words: stable isotope, bioaccumulation., food web, heavy metal