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干湿交替对臌囊苔草草丘生理生态的影响

张冬杰1,2,齐清1,2,佟守正1*,张仲胜1,王雪宏1,安雨1,潘艳文1,2   

  1. (1中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 长春 130102;2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049)
  • 出版日期:2018-01-10 发布日期:2018-01-10

Effect of alternative dry-wet shifting on eco-physiological characteristics ofCarex schmidtiitussocks.

ZHANG Dong-jie1,2, QI Qing1,2, TONG Shou-zheng1*, ZHANG Zhong-sheng1, WANG Xue-hong1, AN Yu1, PAN Yan-wen1,2   

  1. (1Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China).
  • Online:2018-01-10 Published:2018-01-10

摘要: 苔草草丘作为一种典型的湿地植被景观,其生理生态特征受到水文情势变化的影响。本文以臌囊苔草(Carex schmidtii)为研究对象,通过室内模拟实验,研究了不同生长期干湿交替对臌囊苔草株高、茎粗、叶宽和生物量等生态特征的影响,并对苔草的叶绿素含量进行了分析。结果表明:生长初期,30天干湿交替(A1)条件下臌囊苔草生长旺盛,株高、茎粗和叶宽明显高于其他处理;生长后期,苔草生长对不同季节处理的响应显著,5月处理组(A组)苔草的茎粗和叶宽更具优势;臌囊苔草的生物量和叶绿素含量主要受不同生长期处理的影响,而干鲜比随干湿交替处理变化明显。因此,在臌囊苔草生长初期,保持较长周期的干湿交替有利于促进臌囊苔草的生长和叶绿素含量的提高,而生长后期适宜的补水和缩短干湿交替周期可以有效增强臌囊苔草物质积累的能力,增加生物量。研究结果为臌囊苔草草丘湿地的恢复与保护提供了科学依据。

关键词: 土壤有机质, 双季稻, 鄱阳湖流域, 长期施肥, 土壤基础地力

Abstract: Carex schmidtii tussocks, as a unique landscape in the Momoge National Nature Reserve, are governed by hydrological variations. In the present work, effects of alternative dry-wet shifting on height, biomass and chlorophyll content of  C. schmidtii were investigated based on laboratory simulation experiments so as to provide techniques and strategies for wetland restoration of C. schmidtiitussocks. Results showed that plant height, stem diameter and leaf width ofC. schmidtii under 30-day alternative dry-wet shifting had higher values than under other experimental scenarios in early growth period. At late growth stage, the growth of C. schmidtii was affected by the treatments implemented in different seasons. The-early group (group A, treated in May) had higher stem diameter and leaf width than the late group (group B, treated in June). Chlorophyll content of C. schmidtii from the group A was higher than that from the group B, but the chlorophyll a/b had an opposite trend. Overall, dry-wet alternation is conducive to improving morphology and chlorophyll content ofC. schmidtiiin early growth period. At late growth stage, rational irrigation and shortened dry-wet alternation are expected to increase biomass. Our results provide a scientific basis for wetland restoration and protection ofC. schmidtii tussocks.

Key words: long-term fertilization, double rice cropping, basic soil productivity, soil organic matter., Poyang Lake region