长期施肥对农牧交错带栗钙土土壤理化性质及生物学特性的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202303.019

生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 552-560.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202303.019

长期施肥对农牧交错带栗钙土土壤理化性质及生物学特性的影响

高日平^1,2,3,4,赵沛义^1,2,3,4,刘小月^1,2,3,4,张君^1,2,3,4,李焕春^1,2,3,4,黄洁¹,景宇鹏^1,2,3,4*,段玉^1,2,3,4*

（¹内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院，呼和浩特 010031； ²内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室，呼和浩特 010031； ³农业农村部武川农业环境科学观测试验站，呼和浩特 011705； ⁴农业农村部内蒙古耕地保育科学观测试验站，呼和浩特 011705）

出版日期:2023-03-10 发布日期:2023-03-06

Effects of long-term fertilization on soil physicochemical and biological properties of chestnut calcareous soil in agro-pastoral ecotone.

GAO Riping^1,2,3,4, ZHAO Peiyi^1,2,3,4, LIU Xiaoyue^1,2,3,4, ZHANG Jun^1,2,3,4, LI Huanchun^1,2,3,4, HUANG Jie¹, JING Yupeng^1,2,3,4*, DUAN Yu^1,2,3,4*#br#

#br#

(¹Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; ²Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming, Hohhot 010031, China; ³Wuchuan Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 011705, China; ⁴Science Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation in Inner Mongolia, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 011705, China).

Online:2023-03-10 Published:2023-03-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究干旱栗钙土土壤长期施肥的施肥效应，揭示不同施肥模式下土壤理化性质及微生物特性的演变特征，为内蒙古农牧交错地区农田合理培肥和科学评估施肥效果提供依据。依托内蒙古武川旱作试验站的长期轮作定位施肥试验（2004—2019年），分析了不同施肥处理对农牧交错带栗钙土耕层土壤理化性质和生物学特性的影响。结果表明：长期有机肥配施化肥和单施有机肥可显著降低土壤容重，增大土壤孔隙度，而不平衡施肥（如NP、NK、PK、N处理）和不施肥处理土壤容重有增加趋势；与不施肥处理相比，不同施肥方式土壤有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均有所提高，土壤养分均表现为有机肥配施化肥>有机肥施用>化肥平衡施用>化肥不平衡施用>不施肥；在土壤微生物方面，有机肥配施化肥土壤细菌数量显著提高108.36%～118.92%，真菌数量提高27.68%～50.46%，放线菌数量提高35.43%～40.25%；长期施用有机肥和平衡施用化肥能改善土壤结构，提高土壤养分和微生物数量，尤以有机肥与化肥两者配施联用效果最好。以合理氮、磷、钾多元素配比施用对农牧交错带干旱栗钙土土壤质量有明显改善，不平衡施肥土壤性状也有所改善，而长期不施肥土壤性状明显退化。

关键词: 长期施肥, 农牧交错带, 土壤性状, 土壤微生物

Abstract: This study aims to explore the effects of long-term fertilization in arid chestnut soil, to reveal the changes of soil physicochemical and microbial properties under different fertilization schemes. Results would provide basis for reasonable fertilization and scientific evaluation of fertilization effects in the agro-pastoral zone of Inner Mongolia. Based on a long-term rotation fertilization positioning experiment (2004-2019) at Wuchuan Dryland Experimental Station in Inner Mongolia, we examined the effects of different fertilization schemes on the topsoil physicochemical and biological properties of chestnut calcareous soil in the agro-pastoral zone. The results showed that long-term organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer (NPK+OM) and single organic manure (OM) applications significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased soil porosity, while unbalanced fertilization (such as NP, NK, PK, N) and no fertilization (CK) showed an increasing trend in soil bulk density. Compared with CK, the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were increased in other treatments. The magnitudes of improvement for soil nutrients were ranked as follows: organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer > organic manure > chemical fertilizer balanced application > chemical fertilizer unbalanced application > no fertilization. In terms of soil microorganisms, soil bacterial abundance increased by 108.36%-118.92%, fungal abundance increased by 27.68%-50.46%, actinomycetic abundance increased by 35.43%-40.25% in NPK+OM. Long-term application of organic manure and balanced application of chemical fertilizer improved soil structure, soil nutrients, and microorganism abundance. In particular, the combination of organic manure and chemical fertilizer is the most effective. The application of reasonable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium significantly improved soil quality of arid chestnut soil in the agro-pastoral ecotone, unbalanced fertilization also improved soil properties, while no fertilization significantly degraded soil properties in the long term.

Key words: long-term fertilization, agro-pastoral zone, soil property, soil microorganisms.

高日平, 赵沛义, 刘小月, 张君, 李焕春, 黄洁, 景宇鹏, 段玉. 长期施肥对农牧交错带栗钙土土壤理化性质及生物学特性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(3): 552-560.

GAO Riping, ZHAO Peiyi, LIU Xiaoyue, ZHANG Jun, LI Huanchun, HUANG Jie, JING Yupeng, DUAN Yu. Effects of long-term fertilization on soil physicochemical and biological properties of chestnut calcareous soil in agro-pastoral ecotone.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2023, 42(3): 552-560.

[1]	韩丽, 李立军, 张艳丽, 赵鑫瑶, 杨金虎, 李志伟. 内蒙古农牧交错带土壤细菌多样性特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(4): 862-868.
[2]	陈俊芳, 吴宪, 杨佳绒, 刘啸林, 刘宇. 全球气候变化下干旱及复水对植物和土壤微生物的影响：进展与展望 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(12): 3038-3049.
[3]	李春越, 薛英龙, 王益, 党廷辉, 宋怡. 长期施肥对黄土旱塬农田土壤氮素生理菌群和解磷菌的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(11): 3658-3667.
[4]	马雅丽,郭建平,赵俊芳. 晋北农牧交错带作物气候生产潜力分布特征及其对气候变化的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(3): 818-827.
[5]	赵玉皓1,张艳杰1,李贵春2,赵凯3,李忠芳4,唐政4,鲁顺保1*. 长期不同施肥下褐土有机碳储量及活性碳组分 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(7): 1826-1833.
[6]	范绍博1,2,马强1,姜春明1,潘飞飞1,2,周桦1,徐永刚1,宇万太1*. 不同施肥制度对土壤固定态铵含量的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(5): 1212-1218.
[7]	陈晓芬1,2,李忠佩1,2**,刘明1,江春玉1,吴萌. 长期施肥处理对红壤水稻土微生物群落结构和功能多样性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(7): 1815-1822.
[8]	王朔林1,杨艳菊2,王改兰1**,赵旭1,陈春玉1,黄学芳3. 长期施肥对栗褐土活性有机碳的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(5): 1223-1228.
[9]	董春华1,2,曾希柏3**,文石林2,高菊生2. 长期施肥对早稻产量和杂草群落的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(11): 3079-3085.
[10]	易亚男,尹力初**,张蕾. 不同地下水位和施肥管理对水稻土有机碳组分的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(5): 1284-1289.
[11]	杨艳菊1,王改兰1**,张海鹏1,赵旭1,黄学芳2. 长期施肥条件下栗褐土磷素积累特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(5): 1215-1220.
[12]	荣井荣1,2,钟文昭3,刘燕1,王玉刚1**. 干旱区长期施肥对土壤活性碳组分及团聚体的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(10): 2559-2566.
[13]	白可喻1,2**,戎郁萍3,杨云卉1,林长存3. 北方农牧交错带草地生物多样性与草地生产力和土壤状况的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(1): 22-26.
[14]	万开元1,潘俊峰1,2,陶勇1,汤雷雷1,程传鹏1,陈防1**. 长期施肥对农田杂草的影响及其适应性进化研究进展 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31(11): 2943-2949.
[15]	何玉惠,刘新平,谢忠奎. 红砂灌丛对土壤和草本植物特征的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2011, 30(11): 2432-2436.

长期施肥对农牧交错带栗钙土土壤理化性质及生物学特性的影响

Effects of long-term fertilization on soil physicochemical and biological properties of chestnut calcareous soil in agro-pastoral ecotone.

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价