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不同坡度下植物散流-过滤带对地表股流氮磷的消除效果

杜钦*,王金叶,李海防   

  1. (桂林理工大学旅游学院, 广西桂林 541004)
  • 出版日期:2016-01-10 发布日期:2016-01-10

Effect of grass barrier-combined filter strips on reducing nitrogen and phosphorus under varying filter slopes.

DU Qin*, WANG Jin-ye, LI Hai-fang   

  1. (College of Tourism, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China)
  • Online:2016-01-10 Published:2016-01-10

摘要: 在植物过滤带前设置0.8~1.2 m宽的散流带,能提高过滤带对地表股流中氮、磷营养物质的去除,发生明显增效作用。之前研究均基于平缓的坡度(4%~6%),对较倾斜坡度,设置散流带是否具有增效作用尚不清楚。研究通过在黄荆(Vitex negundo)过滤带前设置五节芒(Miscanthus floridulus)散流带,观测五节芒黄荆和纯黄荆过滤带在5%、10%、15%坡度下对氮、磷的消除,探讨散流带在不同坡度下对过滤带的增效作用。结果表明:五节芒黄荆和黄荆过滤带对总氮、铵氮、硝氮、总磷的去除均随坡度的增加而减小,在15%坡度下的去除效率最低;3种坡度下,五节芒黄荆对总氮、铵氮、硝氮、总磷的消除均极显著(P<0.01)或显著性(P<0.05)高于黄荆过滤带,表明在较大坡度下(10%、15%),五节芒散流带对黄荆缓冲带的增效作用仍然存在。研究结果能深化植物散流过滤带水质保护功能的认识,为农业非点源污染管理提供启示。

关键词: 遮荫, 亏缺灌溉, 小粒咖啡, 水光耦合, 产量

Abstract: Grass barriers (0.8-1.2 m in width) combined filter strips are generally considered to be an effective way in reducing nitrogen and phosphorus under gentle slopes (4% to 6%). Is this the case for the combined filter strips in nutrient removal with increasing filter slopes? We made a comparative study in reducing nitrogen and phosphorus between Vitex negundo strips (2 m×8 m) and V. negundo strips (2 m×7 m) combined Miscanthus floridulus strips (2 m×1 m) under three filter slopes (5%, 10% and 15%). The results showed that the removal efficiency of combined filter strips and V. negundo filter strips in total N, NH4+-N, NO3--N and total P decreased as the slope increased from 5% to 15%. The removal efficiency was generally higher in combined filter strips than in V. negundo filter strip regardless of filter slopes. Our results can advance the knowledge regarding the effect of grass barrier-combined filter strip on the water quality protection, having implications for reducing nonpoint-source pollution in agricultural areas.

Key words: yield, deficit irrigation, shading, water and radiation coupling., Coffea arabica