辽东山区天然次生林两个不同坡向林窗光温空间分布特征

生态学杂志

辽东山区天然次生林两个不同坡向林窗光温空间分布特征

王一^1,3,刘江¹,张金鑫^2,3,李秀芬^1,3**,祝成瑶^1,3,肇同斌¹,岳元¹,战莘晔¹

（¹沈阳农业大学，沈阳 110866； ^2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，沈阳 110016； ^3中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站，沈阳 110016）

出版日期:2015-04-10 发布日期:2015-04-10

Spatial distribution characteristics of photosynthetic photon flux density and air temperature in gaps at two different slope directions of secondary forest ecosystem in montane area of eastern Liaoning Province.

WANG Yi^1,3, LIU Jiang¹, ZHANG Jin-xin^2,3, LI Xiu-fen^1,3**, ZHU Cheng-yao^1,3, ZHAO Tong-bin¹, YUE Yuan¹, ZHAN Shen-ye¹

(¹Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; ^2Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ³Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

Online:2015-04-10 Published:2015-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨辽东山区次生林林窗干扰特征，对不同坡向雪/风干扰后形成林窗内的光温空间分布特征进行了研究。结果表明：东北和东南坡向的林窗中，各时段光量子通量密度（PPFD）和气温的空间分布格局类似但大小并不相同;8：00—10：00 PPFD最高值均出现在林窗中央偏西（东北坡169 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，东南坡350 μmol·m^-2·s^-1），11：00—13：00 PPFD最高值出现在林窗中央偏北侧（东北坡234 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，东南坡400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1），而14：00—16：00均以林窗东侧PPFD最大（东北坡74 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，东南坡56 μmol·m^-2·s^-1），且两个坡向的PPFD在各时段大小差异显著（P<0.05）。两个坡向林窗内平均气温的空间分布均表现为8：00—10：00西高东低，11：00—13：00北高南低，14：00—16：00东高西低的趋势，而在各时段的差异为8：00—10：00、11：00—13：00东北坡气温显著低于东南坡（P<0.01），14：00—16：00则显著高于东南坡（P<0.01）。上述结果表明，林窗坡向及林窗内位置不同，使其光温环境发生异质性，进而影响到林窗区域种子萌发、幼苗生长发育及植物种群分布等，最终影响到森林的更新。

关键词: 抗寒性, 解剖结构, 低温半致死温度

Abstract: Aiming to determine the characteristics of gap disturbance in secondary forest ecosystem in a montane area of eastern Liaoning Province, the spatial distribution of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and air temperature in gaps at two different slope aspects were explored in this study. The selected gaps were formed after trees had been damaged by snow or wind. The results showed that the spatial distribution patterns of PPFD and air temperature were similar on the northeast and southeast slopes, but differing in values. Frorn 8:00—10：00, the highest PPFD existed in the west of gap center (169 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 on northeast slope, 350 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 on southeast slope) and it occurred in the north direction of gap center (234 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 on northeast slope, 400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 on southeast slope) between 11:00 and 14:00. However, from 14:00 to 16:00, the highest PPFD occurred in the east direction (74 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 on northeast slope, 56 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 on southeast slope) of the two gaps. There was a significant difference in PPFD between the two gaps at the two slope aspects during various periods (P<0.05). The average air temperature in the two gaps was higher at western points and lower at eastern points between 8:00 and 10:00, but was opposite between 14:00 and 16:00. From 11:00 to 13:00, the average air temperature at northern points was higher than at southern points. The air temperature in the gap of northeast slope was significantly lower than that of southeast slope between 8:00 and 10:00 (P<0.01) and between 11:00 and 13:00 (P<0.01), but significantly higher than that of southeast slope between 14:00 and 16:00 (P<0.01). The results indicated that the heterogeneity of PPFD and air temperature in gaps resulted from differences in slope aspects and positions, playing a critical role in forest regeneration and succession via affecting seed germination, seedling growth as well as species distribution.

Key words: cold resistance, anatomical structure, semilethal low temperature (LT₅₀)

王一1,3,刘江1,张金鑫2,3,李秀芬1,3**,祝成瑶1,3,肇同斌1,岳元1,战莘晔1. 辽东山区天然次生林两个不同坡向林窗光温空间分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志.

WANG Yi1,3, LIU Jiang1, ZHANG Jin-xin2,3, LI Xiu-fen1,3**, ZHU Cheng-yao1,3, ZHAO Tong-bin1, YUE Yuan1, ZHAN Shen-ye1. Spatial distribution characteristics of photosynthetic photon flux density and air temperature in gaps at two different slope directions of secondary forest ecosystem in montane area of eastern Liaoning Province.[J]. cje.

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