关键词: 重点生态功能区, 水源涵养, 水土保持, 防风固沙, 生物多样性维护

Abstract: Based on the 1961-2010 daily observation data from 527 meteorological stations and the annual data of the crop diseases occurrence area and crop yield in farming areas of China, this paper studied the effects of various meteorological elements (air temperature, precipitation, and sunshine hour) on the occurrence and development of crop diseases in China under climate change. As a whole, the variation of the meteorological elements induced by climate change in recent 50 years benefited the occurrence of crop diseases. The mean annual air temperature increasedat a rate of 0.27 ℃·10a^-1, and a 1 ℃ increase of the mean annual temperature could induce a 60.944 million hm²·time increase of the crop diseases occurrence area. The mean annual average precipitation intensity increased at a rate of 0.24 mm·d^-1·10 a^-1, and the occurrence area of crop diseases would be increased by 65.404 million hm²·time when this precipitation intensity increased by 1 mm·d^-1. The mean annual sunshine hours decreased at the rate of 47.4 h·10 a^-1, and a 100 h decrease of the sunshine hours could induce the crop diseases occurrence area increased by 34.188 million hm²·time. Among the variations of air temperature, precipitation, and sunshine hour under climate change, the increase of air temperature had the most significant effect on the increase of the crop diseases occurrence area, followed by the decrease of sunshine hours, and the increase of mean precipitation intensity, with the standardized regression coefficient being 0.508, -0.374, and 0.112, respectively.

Key words: key ecological function zones, water conservation, soil conservation, wind prevention and sand fixation, biodiversity maintenance.