科尔沁沙地南缘生态屏障区防风固沙功能时空变化及其影响因素

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.027

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1857-1865.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.027

科尔沁沙地南缘生态屏障区防风固沙功能时空变化及其影响因素

朱梦媛¹,田一辰⁴,金磊^2*,田佳晔¹,宋立宁³,崔景轩⁵,郑晓³,李秀芬^1,3

（¹沈阳农业大学，沈阳 110866； ²大连市气象服务中心，辽宁大连 116001； ³中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，辽宁清原森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站/中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站，沈阳 110016； ⁴辽宁省生态气象和卫星遥感中心，沈阳 110000； ⁵本溪市气象局，辽宁本溪 117022）

出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-06-06

Temporal and spatial variations of wind reduction and sand fixation function of ecological barrier zone on the southern edge of Horqin Sandy Land and influencing factors.

ZHU Mengyuan¹, TIAN Yichen⁴, JIN Lei^2*, TIAN Jiaye¹, SONG Lining³, CUI Jingxuan⁵, ZHENG Xiao³, LI Xiufen^1,3

(¹Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; ²Dalian Meteorological Service Center, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China; ³Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingyuan Forest CERN/National Observation and Research Station, Shenyang 110016, China; ⁴Liaoning Ecological Meteorology and Satellite Remote Sensing Center, Shenyang 110000, China; ⁵Benxi Meteorological Bureau, Benxi 117022, Liaoning, China).

Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 辽西北地区是科尔沁沙地歼灭战的主要区域，评估防风固沙功能对区域生态和粮食安全及黑土地保护都具有重要意义。本文基于修正土壤风蚀模型（RWEQ）定量评估了辽西北地区2000—2020年防风固沙功能的时空变化，并对其驱动因素进行解析。结果表明：（1）2000—2020年固沙总量从13.09×10¹⁰ kg增至14.02×10¹⁰ kg，防风固沙保有率从78.0%增至82.9%，固沙量高值区主要集中在研究区的西北部，20年间区域防风固沙能力明显提高。（2）各土地利用类型的防风固沙保有率表现为林地>草地>耕地>其他用地>建设用地>水域，且在20年间各生态系统防风固沙能力均有所提升。结合土地利用变化可知，林地面积的扩张和生态系统的稳定且向好趋势发展是区域防风固沙能力提高的主要驱动因素。（3）风速是引起防风固沙功能变化的主要驱动因子，降水对区域防风固沙影响相对较小；20年间植被覆盖度增加，表明区域植被恢复较好，是促使辽西北风沙治理区防风固沙功能提高的关键因子。

关键词: 辽西北, 防风固沙量, 防风固沙保有率, 驱动因素

Abstract: The northwest of Liaoning Province is a critical area in the battle against desertification in the Horqin Sandy Land. Assessing the wind reduction and sand fixation services is significant for regional ecological security and food security as well as the protection of black soil. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the temporal and spatial variations of the services of wind reduction and sand fixation in the northwest of Liaoning from 2000 to 2020 based on the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) model and explored its driving factors. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the total amount of sand fixation increased from 13.09×10¹⁰ kg to 14.02×10¹⁰ kg, and the retention rate of sand fixation rose from 78.0% to 82.9%. Highvalue areas of sand fixation were mainly concentrated in the northwest of the study area, with a significant improvement in regional wind reduction and sand fixation capacity over the 20 years. (2) The retention rate of wind reduction and sand fixation across different land use types followed a pattern: woodland > grassland > cropland > other land > construction land > water bodies. Moreover, the wind reduction and sand fixation capacities of each ecosystem were improved during the past 20 years. Combined with land use change analysis, the expansion of woodland areas and the stable and positive development trend of ecosystems were the primary driving forces for the improvement of regional wind reduction and sand fixation capacity. (3) Wind speed was the main driving factor causing changes in the wind reduction and sand fixation service function in the northwest of Liaoning, whereas precipitation had a moderate impact. Over the past 20 years, an increase in vegetation coverage indicated good regional vegetation restoration, which was a key factor in enhancing wind reduction and sand fixation in the sandy control areas of northwestern Liaoning.

Key words: northwestern Liaoning Province, wind reduction and sand fixation, retention rate of wind reduction and sand fixation services, driving factor

朱梦媛, 田一辰, 金磊, 田佳晔, 宋立宁, 崔景轩, 郑晓, 李秀芬. 科尔沁沙地南缘生态屏障区防风固沙功能时空变化及其影响因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1857-1865.

ZHU Mengyuan, TIAN Yichen, JIN Lei, TIAN Jiaye, SONG Lining, CUI Jingxuan, ZHENG Xiao, LI Xiufen. Temporal and spatial variations of wind reduction and sand fixation function of ecological barrier zone on the southern edge of Horqin Sandy Land and influencing factors.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(6): 1857-1865.

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科尔沁沙地南缘生态屏障区防风固沙功能时空变化及其影响因素

Temporal and spatial variations of wind reduction and sand fixation function of ecological barrier zone on the southern edge of Horqin Sandy Land and influencing factors.

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