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广西综合环境质量的典型相关分析

黄良美,陈蓓*,陆晓艳,阮姗姗,林卉,李嘉力,兰波涛   

  1. (广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心, 南宁 530028)
  • 出版日期:2019-11-10 发布日期:2019-11-10

Canonical correlation analysis on the comprehensive environmental quality of Guangxi.

HUANG Liang-mei, CHEN Bei*, LU Xiao-yan, RUAN Shan-shan, LIN Hui, LI Jia-li, LAN Bo-tao   

  1. (Guangxi Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanning 530028, China).
  • Online:2019-11-10 Published:2019-11-10

摘要:

用典型相关分析方法按5年(2011—2015年)、10年(2006—2015年)和15年(2001—2015年)3个时间尺度分析广西要素环境质量监测指标与自然、经济、人口、能源和污染物排放等年鉴统计指标之间的典型相关性。结果表明:(1)广西自然、经济、人口、能源和要素环境质量间的典型相关性随时间尺度增长呈上升趋势。10年和15年时间尺度有显著典型相关性;5年时间尺度需通过在季度样本的时间密切增长才能建立起典型相关性。(2)广西大气环境质量以综合污染指数、二氧化硫、细颗粒物和二氧化氮为主要载荷,水质以综合污染指数、化学需氧量、氨氮、溶解氧、镉为主要载荷,生态环境以生态环境状况指数、植被覆盖指数、水网密度指数为主要载荷,污染源以废水企业数、废气企业数以及污水处理厂数和污水处理达标排放率为主要载荷。(3)广西大气综合污染指数、二氧化硫、细颗粒物、二氧化氮、酸雨频率与水质综合污染指数、镉、溶解氧、氨氮、石油类和总磷呈正相关,而pH值则与这些指标呈负相关。污染源企业数量与大气、水质主要载荷指标的浓度呈正相关。(4)自然、经济、人口、能源、污染物排放是广西综合环境质量变化的驱动因子,环境质量监测评价指标的调整变化深刻影响环境质量的动态变化。研究可为经济发展、国土空间优化、能源利用、生态环境保护和环境质量评价等提供参考。
 

关键词: 施氮量,  , 秸秆还田,  , 晚播小麦,  , 养分平衡

Abstract: We analyzed the canonical correlation between environmental quality monitoring indicators of Guangxi and statistical indicators of yearbook such as nature, economy, population, energy, pollutant emissions at three time scales of 5 years (from 2011 to 2015), 10 years (from 2006 to 2015) and 15 years (from 2001 to 2015) by canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Results showed that: (1) The canonical correlation between factor’s environmental quality and nature, economy, population and energy of Guangxi had an upward trend with the increases of time scales. The correlation was statistically significant at the time scales of 10 and 15 years. However, establishing the canonical correlation at the time scale of 5 years needed a close increase in the time of quarterly samples. (2) The major loading of atmospheric environmental quality was charged by the comprehensive pollution index of air quality, sulfur dioxide, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and nitrogen dioxide. The major loading of water quality was charged by the comprehensive pollution index of water quality, CODMn, ammonia, DO, and Cd. The major loading of ecological environment was charged by ecological index, vegetation coverage index, and water network density index. The major loading of key pollutant sources monitoring indices was charged by the number of enterprises that discharge waste water, waste gas and municipal wastewater treatment plants, and standard discharge rate of sewage treatment. (3) Air quality indices including integrated pollution index of air quality, SO2, PM2.5, NO2 as well as frequency of acid rain had positive correlation with water quality indices including integrated pollution index of water quality, CODMn, Cd, DO, ammonia, petroleum, and total phosphorus, while the pH of acid rain had negative correlation with these indices of air and water quality. The number of pollutant sources enterprises had positive correlation with the concentrations of main atmospheric and water quality indices. (4) Nature, economy, population, energy, and pollutant emissions were the driving forces for the changes of comprehensive environmental quality of Guangxi. The adjustment of environmental quality monitoring evaluation indicators had profound impacts on the dynamics of environmental quality. Our results provide reference to regional economic development, land use optimization, energy utilization, environmental protection, and environmental quality evaluation.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, straw returning, late sowing winter wheat, nutrient balance.