关键词: 苦粉孢牛肝菌,  , 菌丝发酵液, 风化作用, 菌丝隧道, 矿物元素

Abstract: Tylopilus felleus is an ectomycorrhizal fungus, which can form a symbiosis with Pinus taiwanensis. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the weathering effects of the mycelia and its fermentation broth on rocks of Huangshan. The results showed that there were obvious traces of mycelium action on the rock surface, such as mycelium tunnel and loose rock structure. In the fermentation broth with rocks, the polysaccharide content was significantly higher than that without rocks, with the maximal content of polysaccharide being 1.44 times higher than that in control. However, in the fermentation broth with and without rocks, there was no clear difference for the contents of organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, and succinic acid). Electronic energy spectrum scanning showed that the atomic percentages of Al, Si, K and Fe on the rock surface after the treatment of T. felleus mycelia decreased from 8.2, 16.62, 3.49 and 7.43 to 0.38, 1.75, 0.1, and 0.03, respectively. The contents of ions in the fermentation broth inoculated with living T. felleus were significantly higher than those inoculated with dead T. felleus(control), and the maximum concentrations of Fe³⁺, K⁺, Si_ws, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺ and P_ws were 39.95, 8.37, 15.97, 12.53, 13.71, and 10 times higher than those in control, respectively. Our results indicated that the mycelia and its fermentation broth of T. felleus exerted significant weathering on Huangshan rocks through biomechanical and biochemical effects, which largely promoted the release of mineral elements from rocks.

Key words: Tylopilus felleus,  , mycelia fermentation broth, weathering, mycelial tunnel, mineral element.