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生态学杂志 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 2561-2566.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)对高浓度氮磷营养盐的耐受性

王小冬1,2;秦伯强1;高光1**;杨桂军1,2;王洪艳3;宋玉芝1,2,3;冯胜1,2   

  1. 1中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008|2中国科学院研究生院, 北京100039;3南京信息工程大学, 南京 210044
  • 出版日期:2009-12-10 发布日期:2009-12-10

Endurance of Elodea nuttallii to high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus.

WANG Xiao-dong1,2;QIN Bo-qiang1;GAO Guang1;YANG Gui-jun1,2|WANG Hong-yan3;SONG Yu-zhi1,2,3|FENG Sheng1,2   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography &|Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China|2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China|3Nanjing University of Information Science &|Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Online:2009-12-10 Published:2009-12-10

摘要: 通过5个相对恒定的TN、TP浓度梯度下伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)的生长实验,探讨了伊乐藻对高浓度氮磷营养盐的耐受性,比较了各营养盐浓度下水体的pH值、DO、浮游藻类叶绿素a和附着藻类叶绿素a以及伊乐藻的株高、湿质量、干质量和叶绿素a含量。结果表明:在实验条件下,伊乐藻能耐受TN=10 mg·L-1,TP=0.4 mg·L-1的胁迫,且在该营养盐水平下水体中没有出现大量的浮游藻类;而在TN=50 mg·L-1、TP=2 mg·L-1和TN=100 mg·L-1、TP=4 mg·L-1的高营养盐条件下,伊乐藻的生长受到了明显的抑制,同时水体中的浮游藻类明显增多,而附着藻类则明显减少;在高营养盐水平下,一方面水体中的某些营养盐可能对伊乐藻产生了直接伤害,另一方面水体中浮游藻类的增多,所导致的遮光作用也可能限制了其生长;对水体中营养盐的平均水平低于TN=10 mg·L-1,TP=0.4 mg·L-1的太湖而言,沉水植被的消亡可能不是由于氮磷营养盐所产生的直接伤害和胁迫。

关键词: 水稻, 大气CO2浓度增加, 稻米外观品质, 稻米加工品质, 稻米蒸煮品质, 稻米蛋白质含量

Abstract: In a growth experiment, five relatively constant gradients of total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorous (TP) concentrations were installed to study the endurance of Elodea nuttallii to high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. The pH value, DO, planktonic chlorophyll a, and periphytic chlorophyll a in the culture solutions as well as the height, wet and dry weights, and chlorophyll a concentration of E. nuttallii were compared among the treatments. Elodea uttallii could endure the stress of TN=10 mg·L-1and TP=0.4 mg·L-1, and no abundant phytoplankton occurred under this stress. However, under the stress of TN=50 mg·L-1and TP=2 mg·L-1and of TN=100 mg·L-1and TP=4 mg·L-1, E. nuttallii growth was obviously limited, and plankton increased but periphyton decreased markedly, which suggested that the high concentration TN and TP in water body could have direct damage to E. nuttallii, and the shading caused by phytoplankton multiplication could partly limited the growth of E. nuttallii. As for Taihu Lake, in which, the average concentrations of TN and TP were lower than 10 mg·L-1and 04 mg·L-1, respectively, the decline of submerged aquatic macrophytes could not be caused by the direct harm and stress of nitrogen and phosphorus.

Key words: Rice, Free-air CO2 enrichment, Appearance quality of rice grain, Milling quality of rice grain, Cooking quality of rice grain, Protein content of rice grain