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生态学杂志

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关于建立和完善中国生态补偿机制的思考

宋鹏飞1,2;张震云3;郝占庆1   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;2中国科学院研究生院,北京 100039;3山西林业职业技术学院, 太原 030009
  • 收稿日期:2008-01-26 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-10-10 发布日期:2008-10-10

Considerations on the establishment and improvement of eco-compensation mechanism in China.

SONG Peng-fei1,2;ZHANG Zhen-yun3;HAO Zhan-qing1   

  1. 1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;3Shanxi Forestry Technology College, Taiyuan 030009, China
  • Received:2008-01-26 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-10-10 Published:2008-10-10

摘要: 生态补偿是近年来学界及社会较为关心的重要议题,如何构建较完善的理论体系和运行机制已成为当前迫切之需。本文从揭示“外部成本内部化”和“明晰产权界限”的生态补偿本质切入,简要回顾了生态补偿的中国实践,在详细阐释补偿依据、补偿客体、补偿主体、补偿标准和补偿方式5大核心要素的基础上,构建了生态补偿实践路径,提出了完善生态补偿机制方面需要注意的关键问题是确定合理的实施方案、权衡适当的利益关系和准确定位管理者角色。

关键词: 底泥, 污水灌溉, 生态毒性, 蚯蚓, 高等植物

Abstract: Eco-compensation is a hot topic in academic and social fields in recent years, and to construct a more complete theoretic system and an operating mechanism is a matter of great urgency. Beginning with the nature of eco-compensation, i.e., to internalize the externalities and to clarity the limits of property rights, the eco-compensation practice in China was briefly reviewed, and, based on the elaborate analyses on five core elements including account of compensation, compensation receivers, compensation payers, eco-compensation criteria, and forms of compensation, a practice path on eco-compensation was constructed. Finally, some critical issues on improving eco-compensation mechanism, i.e., determination of reasonable implementation program, appropriate balance between interests relations, and accurate positioning of managers roles, were put forward.

Key words: Sediment, Wastewater irrigation, Eco-toxicity, Earthworm, Higher plant